چکیده:
Thinkers and philosophers have constantly benefited from different approaches of reasoning to explore and justify their ideas. Theses reasoning approaches are considered as the principle instruments in speculative activities of the thinkers. To this end to achieve the procedure of thinking and the way philosophers achieve objectives, it is necessary to recognize their reasoning strategies. This article intends to survey on the position of analogy in the thinking of Farabi, and to show how he used this type of analogy as one of his basic reasoning methods in exploring his ideas and thoughts.
خلاصه ماشینی:
"Especially during the Middle Ages and during the renaissance in the proportion between the macro and the micro cosmoses, one of the important issues has been finding the relation between multiplicity and one- ness in the cosmos order, in a way that Greek phi- losophers and theologians of the Middle Ages tried to explain or explore it by analogical reasoning.
One is using sensible affairs to explain insensible ones in which analogy helps explaining and exploring insensiblethings and in which the element of obedience of one by the other is not in- tended, but what can be asked and which is related to this article, is that in case we intend to look for objectives, origins, and happiness of mankind and the city, the part that is considered as known, is the macro cosmos (the higher world) or the micro cosmos (the lower world)?
" The above statement includes two important points: First it shows that Farabi was aware of human un- derstanding limitations about metaphysical things, especially God. Second, these statements show that analogical or deductive reasoning is considered as an approach to help us access an insight about the intellectual world.
In the first type of analogy or at least, Farabi’s objective from presentation of analogy is not the relation between these two worlds, but as it was mentioned Farabi uses the affairs and observa- ble things to explain unobservable things and most- ly for the purpose of approaching the mind and training."