چکیده:
Covenant is a political Oath of Loyalty and agreement whose roots are found in tribal Pagan Arabs, and by the appearance of Islam especially in political tradition of the prophet(s) and Imam Ali (A) it was accepted as a legal- political institution. Rereading of this tradition shows that the formation of the prophet’s governance in Medina and the access of Imam Ali (A) to the political governance occurred through the public covenant with people and the tribe representatives. This article intends to investigate the objective extension of the covenant in the political tradition of the prophet of Islam and that of Imam Ali, and concludes that first of all oath of loyalty was the crystallization of the idea of people’s presence in the political domain, and was considered as backbone of the acceptance of political system of Islam, and secondly, oath of loyalty without having a minimum role in the divine sainthood of the prophet and the Imam, was, practically and officially accepted.
خلاصه ماشینی:
"Moreover, exploration of the concept of the covenant in the Prophet (S) and Imam Ali s’ Oath of loyalty and the analysis of the role of people in that tradition is an important step toward recognition of the basis and the nature of the Is- lamic Republic of Iran when it was founded as a system which was established on a democratic foundations because of its legal political origin.
The polit- ical approach of the Great Prophet(s) and Imam Ali (A) is an indication of this concept of cove- nant, in a way that to the time before the agree- ment of people with them, their sanctity in society was not actualized objectively, but as they were took the Oath of Loyalty, social governance and leadership were assigned to them practically.
Considering the issue that in the political and historical conditions of that period there was no such concept as elec- tion with the meaning it presents today, and Co- venant was among the most important concepts that represented the peoples’ participation in a formal way and was a sign of their satisfaction from the government, it could, also, be concluded that in the political tradition of the Prophet of Is- lam and that of Imam Ali (A) people had an im- portant and efficient role.
In this way, although the factor of Cove- nant and people’s choice in the political tradition of the Great Prophet(s) and that of the Imam Ali (A) were never meant to be a decisive factor for establishing them to the position of sanctity and leadership, to the time people did not accept and welcome it, their governance or administration was not possible in the society."