چکیده:
The quantitative relationship between higher education and economic growth in
the tradition of “growth accounting equations” and also “neoclassical production
function” approach have occupied a pride of place in economics of education,
particularly the literature on more developed countries. However, production
function type models that allow for isolating the “indirect” (external) effects
of higher education on economic growth and for measuring factor productivity
differences between higher and non -higher education sectors appear to be
lacking. This paper is a contribution towards filling this gap and also towards
meeting the demand of Iranian educational planners for having educated manpower
forecasts, based on alternative forecasting models including the more
traditional “factor demand approach”. The methodology of this paper might also
be of use to other developing countries that might wish to endeavor educational
programming.
خلاصه ماشینی:
"A formal treatment of the relationship between education and economic growth, however, was first proposed by Adam Smith who is quite well ______________________________ *- The Islamic Republic of Iran, Ministry of Science, Research and Technology, The Institute for Research & Planning in Higher Education has funded the research for this paper.
Studying the effect of different levels of education on economic growth has, however, been somewhat more problematic, in part because higher education in many developing countries is a relatively new phenomenon and therefore inaccessible to research requiring time series data.
The objective of this paper is two-fold:1) to measure the indirect effects of higher education on economic growth in Iran and also to calculate marginal productivity differentials between higher and non-higher education; 2) to forecast the highly educated manpower requirements of Iran up to the year: 1390(2011), and draw implications for higher educational policy making there.
Both of these studies have been highly instrumental as a logical base for the development of the approach used in this paper for analyzing the indirect effects of education on economic growth and also in measuring inter-sect- oral factor productivity differentials in Iran.
Other forecasts made by The Deputy Directorate for Cultural, Educational and Research Affairs of The Plan & Budget Organization( now renamed as: Management and Planning Organization) employ an econometric model of the following general form: Y= g (x1, x2), Where: x1= the ratio of highly educated employed to non-highly educated Employed; x2= capital stock per head of non-highly educated employed; and y=Gross Domestic product per head of non-highly educated employed, However these forecasts project a total requirement for highly educated labor of about 1."