خلاصة:
In the field of historical linguistics, numerous studies have been conducted to determine the first human endeavor in teaching and learning a foreign language. In these investigations, linguists and foreign language education specialists have used resources that only focus on the historical aspects of human eras and different nations. In these researches, the first human endeavor to teach a foreign language has been reported in various forms. In the book "25 Centuries of Language Teaching: 500 Years Before Christ" (1969), "Louis G. Kelly" considers the background of foreign language education to be five centuries before Christ. Other sources also refer to the beginning of the Roman Empire and the Old Testament. While in the book "The Transformation of Language Teaching: 5000 Years of History" (Claude Germain, 1993), and in another work titled "History Begins at Sumer" (Samuel Kramer, 1956), points are raised that clearly indicate that teaching and learning a foreign language began in Sumer around five thousand years ago. In this context, the history of foreign language education in the Sumerian era, the teaching of the "Hieratic" writing language in ancient Egypt, the teaching of classical Greek in Greece, the teaching of Greek to the Romans, and the teaching of Latin will be examined.
ملخص الجهاز:
However, in the book "The Evolution of Language Teaching: 5000 Years of History" (Claude Germain, 1993), and in another work entitled "History Begins at Sumer" (Samuel Kramer, 1956), points are raised that clearly indicate that the teaching and learning of foreign languages began fifty centuries ago, in the region of Sumer.
In this context, the history of foreign language teaching in the era of the Sumerians, the teaching of the written language "Hieratic" in ancient Egypt, the teaching of classical Greek in Greece, the teaching of Greek to the Romans, and the teaching of Latin will be examined.
Keywords: Historical Linguistics, History of Foreign Language Teaching, Sumerian Language, Akkadian Language, Greek Language, Latin Language.
In this article, historical linguistics is not merely understood as the study of the historical evolution of a specific language, but rather, as previously mentioned, it refers to the examination of documents and evidence related to the earliest human efforts to teach a foreign language.
Discussion and Investigation If the purpose of the research is about the oldest human endeavor to teach a foreign language, we must refer to historical books and find out which civilization has the oldest written and reliable documents.
The purpose of foreign language education in these two civilizations is to teach hieratic writing in Egypt and classical Greek in Greece.
Until the second century AD, schools were bilingual, but from the third century, the trend of replacing the Greek language began, and Latin became common throughout the Western Roman Empire.
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