خلاصة:
Two opposing cultural arenas contrast with each other during Imam Ali’s government. On the one hand، there is popular culture and therefore the political culture of jahiliyyah (ignorance) which has been reproduced in the period of caliphs before Imam Ali (pbuh)، and still deeply roots itself in the soul of some Muslims of early Islam.On the other end of the opposition، there is the true political culture from Imam Ali’s perspective، which is known to be rooted in “acquiring knowledge” and “gaining determination”.In answer to the important question about Imam Ali’s picture of Islamic political culture، it could be said that he tried to emphasize the role of wisdom and its epistemic necessities، strengthen determination and its ideological requirements، and furthermore wipe out the political culture of jahiliyyah as an obstacle to ideal political movements. Therefore، taking into account the role of culture in political actions، Imam Ali implemented fundamental reforms in the arena of political culture to direct Muslims and their political behavior to the correct path. In this research، a descriptive-analytical method was used to identity the essential dimensions shaping the ideal political culture in Imam Ali’s policies. Opposing conceptual dichotomies were also used to clearly delineate the two different political cultures.
ملخص الجهاز:
” In response to the main question of what image Imam Ali (PBUH) presented of Islamic political culture, it can be said that he sought to draw attention to the realm of reason and its cognitive necessities, and to strengthen will and its faith-based foundations.
In this writing, it is tried through a descriptive-analytical research approach in Nahj al-Balagha, to examine the two categories of reason and will as the foundations of the formation of a worthy and transcendent political culture in the government of Imam Ali (PBUH), and to mention the contrasting dualities of the political culture of Jahiliyyah and Islamic political culture.
The characteristics and natures 1 of Plato, The Spirit of the Laws 2 Montesquieu, Customs and Traditions 3 Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Manners and Behavioral Patterns 4 Hume, Habits of the Heart 5 Alexis de Tocqueville, Collective Consciousness 6 Emile Durkheim, and Systems of Authority 7 Weber can be considered the ancestors of the new concept of political culture 8 (Gendzel, 1997: 226).
Just as Lucien Pye defines political culture as a collection of attitudes and feelings that give meaning and framework to the political process and considers the perceptions that govern political behavior, including political ideals and norms of action in the political community (Qaysari & Shakouri, 1381: 39), it seems that Imam Ali (AS) also pursued his political ideals by focusing on reforming the attitudes and feelings of the people of his community.
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