خلاصة:
The methodology of a science is an instrument that, given the conditions of its possibility, is limited in two ways: 1. Its relationship to the type of epistemology; 2. Its relationship to the nature of the subject. Therefore, it can be said that epistemologies, worldviews, and, in general, the system of knowledge in every civilization form the basis of the method of thought and life of a people in general, and their political life in particular. Political knowledge in the middle period of Islam also follows a special cognitive system, and of course, thought about political affairs in the Islamic world is also based on that general system of knowledge. This knowledge has characteristics such as the system of innate nature, the necessity of revelation and prophecy, the legal foundation of reason and philosophy, the rational and philosophical foundation of Sharia, the world of text, the presentation of text, and the prevalence of political jurisprudence. In this article, we briefly refer to these two points, namely the relationship of the methodology of political thought in the middle Islamic period with epistemology on the one hand, and with the nature of the subject of politics on the other, and we have tried to analyze the logical results of this type of relationship in the political practice of Muslims in the middle period.
ملخص الجهاز:
In this article, we briefly refer to these two points, namely the relationship of the methodology of political thought in the Middle Islamic period with epistemology on the one hand, and with the nature of the subject of politics on the other hand, and we have tried to analyze the logical consequences of this type of relationship in the political practice of Muslims in the Middle Ages.
Here, and due to the logic of the discussion, we will first refer to the Muslim view of the nature of reason and the history of rational sciences, which seems to have had a decisive influence on the image of thought and the methodology of political thought in the Middle Ages.
Peripatetic philosophy, although facing many difficulties in formulating the precise methodology of this reconciliation and interpretation, and still does, took an important step in establishing an ontological and epistemological triangle in Islamic thought by presenting such premises, which, of course, had a decisive impact on the thought and methodology of political thought; (Refer to the page image) In this triangle, what is important from the perspective of Islamic epistemology is the fundamental point that each side of the triangle has an independent world and follows a specific logic, and at the same time, the overall system of each of the three is based on the principles and laws of the other two.
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