خلاصة:
Fitrah (innate human nature) is one of the key concepts for understanding the human sphere, which is examined in various religious teachings philosophy. This study aims to identify the functions of Fitrah in the field of epistemology based on the intellectual systems of Hakim Shahabadi and Calvin using a descriptive, analytical, and comparative method. Considering the similarities between the views of these two thinkers, the objective of this research is to analyze their perspectives on this matter and examine their commonalities and differences. Some of the findings of this study are as follows: the intuitive and internal nature of innate knowledge, the guidance provided by innate knowledge, the impact of sin on innate knowledge, the distinction between nature and Fitrah, and the creation of man in the form of God are among the commonalities and differences in their views on the nature of humanity, the style of theorizing, determinism, and free will are among the most important aspects of difference. The comparative approach revealed that Hakim Shahabadi's theorization in the field of the epistemological functions of Fitrah is superior to Calvin's views due to its scope, stability, depth, and argumentative reasoning, and it possesses greater scientific richness and epistemological impacts
ملخص الجهاز:
Research Article The Theory of Fitra (Innate Nature) and its Theological Application from the Perspective of Hakim Shah Abadi and John Calvin Mohsen Shariatpanah, 1 Ali Karbalaei Pazooki, 2 Saleh Hasanzadeh, 3 Enayat Sharifi 4 Abstract Objective: Fitra is one of the important keywords for entering the realm of the human being, which has been studied in religious teachings and various sciences such as logic, philosophy, theology, and mysticism.
Conclusion: Through a comparative approach, it became clear that Hakim Shah Abadi's theorizing in the field of the epistemological functions of Fitra, due to the scope, stability, depth, and reasoning of the theory, holds superiority over the views of John Calvin and possesses greater scientific richness and epistemological implications.
1. Knowledge of God (Sense of Divinity) In his book "Institutes of the Christian Religion," Calvin addresses the basis of the human approach toward the Lord and writes: "I have discovered why we not only perceive the existence of the Lord but also understand His greatness and majesty.
1. Internal Comparison The quality of innate knowledge: According to the view of Hakim Shah Abadi, the pursuit of perfection, as the essence and truth of Fitrat (innate nature), and perfection, as the object of all intrinsic and exclusive inclinations of the human soul, is provable through an intuitive and emotional approach.
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