خلاصة:
In this article we are trying to explore two temporal layers in the concept of revolution in Iran. It’s my contention that simultaneity of the non-simultaneous, as expounded by the German historian Koselleck, made substantial changes in the concept of revolution. In its initial steps, the revolution in Iran was a political revolution which was aimed at establishing political freedom and a new political regime. But as Hannah Arendt has explained in her work “On Revolution”, the social gradually overcame the political. The ideal of the political freedom gave its way to social justice. This transformation and displacement of the semantic content of revolution ultimately changed the horizon of the revolution. A political revolution turned in a social revolution. The goal which seemed attainable at the beginning was sent to a distant future. And the political revolution turned into a permanent revolution. The permanent revolution was there to remain until the attainment of social justice.
ملخص الجهاز:
For example, in an editorial titled "Iran and Iranians" in the publication Sogand, affiliated with the "Democratic Union of Iran" group, the goal of the revolution was stated as liberation from the sinister dominance of tyranny and imperialism: "Because this regime felt the danger from the aforementioned forces [all segments and oppressed classes of Iran] and saw the land trembling and shaking beneath its feet, it formed a low pact of alliance with the enemies of nations, namely global imperialism, and opened the hands of American imperialists and their smaller partners to plunder the country's wealth resources and exert control over the politics and economy of Iran, turning our army into an appendage of their military apparatus.
For example, in the documents of the sixteenth plenum of the Central Committee of the Tudeh Party of Iran, the goals of the revolution are stated as follows: «The heroic people of Iran, from the very first days of the rapid expansion of their revolutionary movement, set forth their basic demands as follows: overthrowing the corrupt monarchical system and smashing the apparatus of treason, plunder, suffocation, crime, and corruption; establishing a republic based on the will of the people and the full guarantee of all individual and social democratic rights and freedoms; ending the military, political, economic, and cultural dominance of imperialism 2.
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