خلاصة:
Previous researches about the relationship between religious belief and morality have reached conflicting findings and this shows that the effect of religious belief on morality cannot be direct. Therefore, for the pathology of religious belief, it is necessary to see which characteristics of religious belief can contribute to which forms of immorality under which conditions. The present study hypothesized that attribution to God makes it easier to justify passive immorality (omission of actions) and makes passive immorality seem more acceptable. With the purpose of testing this hypothesis and in a correlational design, 499 participants (230 men) with an average age of 37 years were selected among 30,000 subscribers of Hamrahe Avval and Irancell living in Tehran and Karaj and were randomly assigned into two groups of passive immorality (who read six stories about passive immorality) and active immorality (who read six stories about active immorality). Religious belief was measured with the Supernatural Beliefs Scale (Jong, Bluemke, & Halberstadt, 2013), and attribution to God and acceptance of immorality were measured with a researcher-made questionnaire. Regression analyses showed that the subjects who had more religious belief attributed passive immorality to God more than the subjects who had less religious belief, attribution to God predicted the acceptance of immorality, and religious belief had a negative relationship with the acceptance of immorality after excluding the variance of attribution to God. Also, the Moderated Mediation Model showed that attribution to God can explain why religious believers accept passive immorality more easily. These findings show tha
ملخص الجهاز:
Religiosity, Attribution to God, and Acceptance of Passive Immorality: A Psychopathological Study of Uninstructed Beliefs Assistant Professor of Psychology, Buin Zahra Unit, Islamic Azad University, Ebrahim Ahmadi Buin Zahra, Iran.
The current research hypothesizes that attribution to God, which is higher in religious people, makes the justification of passive immoralities (such as not returning a lost bag of money, as opposed to active immorality such as stealing a bag of money) easier and causes passive immoralities to appear more acceptable.
Our lived experience shows that humans perform both good and bad deeds in the name of God, and empirical data regarding the relationship between religion and morality show the same; studies have observed both a positive correlation (Brooks & Putnam, 2006; Campbell, 2010) between religion and behaviors beneficial to society (as opposed to behaviors beneficial to oneself), a negative correlation (Paul, 2005: 10; Zuckerman, 2008), and a non-significant correlation (Batson et al.
Finally, using the methods recommended by Preacher, Rucker, and Hayes 1 (2007:185) and Hayes (2015:1, 2018:4) and by utilizing multivariate regression analyses, it was examined whether the effect of religious belief on the acceptance of immorality is moderated by the type of immorality through the mediator of attribution to God (see the Findings section).
Consistent with this hypothesis, regression analysis showed that the interactive effect of religious belief and the type of immorality (passive/active) on attribution to God is significant: b = 0.
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