خلاصة:
In spite of the emphasis on Islamic sources and texts on the establishment of the Islamic Ummah and its formation in the early Islamic centuries, this issue gradually began to differentiate and experiences a political segregation. This is due to the incorrect political behavior of the political elites and the incorrect understanding of the Islamic intellectual system when the new elements were replaced in the knowledge sysytem of Muslims. Maududi describes two factors as the most important elements in the split of Islamic unity.The first one was emergence of Soltani's system of ruling in Islamic state by Muawiya after four Caliphs and the second was isolation of the human caliphate, which was common with the democratic methods during the four Caliphs period. The purpose of this study is to investigate the factors of Islamic political segregation as well as the strategy for its reconstruction from Maududi's perspective. The significance of this research is because of the fact that Maududi is one of the great contemporary Islamic thinkers who has been influencing the Salafist groups, which are nowadays are known as the cause of the breakup of and segregation in Islamic Ummah. This article compiles the necessary data and information in a documentary manner and interprets it in an analytical way from the perspective of Maudud
ملخص الجهاز:
From Mawdudi’s point of view, the caliphs after the Rashidun, due to their concern with reviving tribal values remaining from the Jahiliyyah era and the exclusivity of the Umayyad caliphs, gradually faced challenges and obstacles, and after that, the Islamic Ummah gradually reversed its course and, in the modern era, was subjected to challenges such as extremism, sectarianism, and nationalism, the main consequence of which is the political disruption of Muslims.
He writes in this regard: “The truth is that with the distortion and interference in the meanings of these four words (Allah, Lord, worship, and religion), the important teachings of the Quran have been hidden from the people, and it must even be said that the high spirit and central mindset of this heavenly book has been placed behind the veil of ignorance, and this is one of the powerful factors that has caused weakness and fragility to attack the beliefs and actions of Islamic nations” (Mawdudi, 1348: 52).
Although the early Muslims, due to having the Arabic language and also the propagation of the Seal of the Prophets (PBUH), were able to have a correct interpretation of the divine verses and find a correct interpretation of “Allah and Lord,” gradually, for reasons the most important of which should be sought in the change in the method of selecting the Caliph, this belief faded away from Muslim societies and the incorrect understanding before Islam, namely the lordship of man over man, was promoted.
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