خلاصة:
The Amol market has a historical background, geographical location, and unique functional diversity in the northern region of the country. Compared to other urban markets in Iran, it has realized various functions. The Amol market possesses multiple simultaneous functions such as permanent markets, local bazaars, and weekly markets, which have led to the establishment of residential spaces alongside commercial locations within the market's structure. As a result of this spatial connection, the needs of residents of neighboring areas and the entire city have been met within the market during different historical periods. This article examines the functional role of the market in the relationships of the city of Amol. Therefore, the location and functions of the market are investigated in the process of the city's physical construction and expansion to determine its role in shaping the city's spatial structure and establishing and sustaining the life of institutions (economic, social, and cultural centers) in the past and present. The results of this study show that the functions of the components... of the Amol market have a historical background, geographical location, and unique functional diversity in the northern region of the country, and compared to other urban markets in Iran, it has realized various functions. The Amol market has multiple simultaneous functions such as permanent markets, local bazaars, and weekly markets, which have led to the establishment of residential spaces alongside commercial locations within the market's structure. As a result of this spatial connection, the needs of residents of neighboring areas and the entire city have been met within the market during different historical periods. This article examines the functional role of the market in the relationships of the city of Amol, therefore, the location and functions of the market are examined in the process of the city's physical construction and expansion to determine its role in shaping the city's spatial structure and establishing and sustaining the life of institutions (economic, social, and cultural centers) in the past and present. The results of this study show that the functions of the main physical components of the market in Amol organized the social and economic life of the city. The main axis of the Amol market acted like the main artery of communication for the city's residents, and its central role in the city's structure had an impact on the daily lives of the city's people in various fields: because the market housed urban social, economic, and cultural institutions and due to its authority in the urban space, it has guaranteed the continuity and effective functions of them so far. Today, the functions of places and physical components in the Amol market are considered as a valuable part of the city's spiritual and cultural heritage, and this indicates the continuation of value creation in the current life of this city along with its transformation. In this research, the method of library and archival study was used to access related information, along with the method of field study based on direct observation and interviews.
ملخص الجهاز:
Therefore, the bazarcheh is considered a kind of market row or main passage of the neighborhood, which, as public service units, while responding to the local needs of residents, helps to improve the efficiency of the mother market and plays a significant role in proportionate distribution and reducing traffic towards the city center (Rajabi, 1385: 187-186).
As an important communication link between cities, the market held the economic, social, and cultural pulse of society and always benefited from its transient nature by being located next to one of the main gates of the city or sacred places (Rajabi, (71 :1376 Passage, square, and gate were elements of communication in Iranian markets.
Passage The communication network of Amol city is divided into two categories in terms of usage: first, roads that pass through neighborhoods and some architectural and urban spaces and while having a kinetic and passing function, also provide access to residential units and other buildings, which are called alleys, streets, rows, and passages (Ibid, 115).
The market and its surrounding neighborhoods were one of the important factors of social, political, and economic transformations in Islamic cities, and the social function of the market and the Grand Mosque in Amol can be examined from this perspective.
Residential Function of Amol Market The neighborhood was one of the main elements of Islamic cities, formed based on economic, class, ethnic, linguistic, occupational, and religious factors.
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