خلاصة:
Critical discourse analysis is an interdisciplinary method that seeks to uncover concealed power dynamics, dominance, social inequalities, and ideological processes through language analysis, focusing on structures beyond individual sentences. Within this field, van Leeuwen's (2008) framework is a fundamental approach that emphasizes the role of social actors in manifesting underlying discourses. This framework comprises two main components: exclusion and inclusion, each encompassing various subcategories. Lutfia Al Dulaimi's "Women of Saturn" is a renowned literary work by the contemporary Iraqi writer, exploring political and social issues in Iraq over recent decades. This descriptive-analytical study examines the novel using van Leeuwen's framework's sociocognitive and semiotic aspects to illustrate how the author presents her ideology by introducing the novel's characters. The findings of this study indicate that the representation of social actors in "Women of Saturn" is influenced by Al Dulaimi's intellectual and social perspectives. In the novel, women are portrayed as active and dynamic agents, while male figures are depicted as passive and negatively valued, reflecting Al Dulaimi's feminist ideologies. Furthermore, the Baath Party, American forces, and Takfiri groups are represented as active agents due to their extensive crimes against the Iraqi people and their significant role within the tumultuous Iraqi context.
ملخص الجهاز:
Methods of Representing Social Actors in Latifia al-Delimi's Novel "Ladies of Saturn" Based on the Critical Discourse Approach Van Leeuwen Sepideh Bagheri Ozan 1, Ali Sayadani 2, Parviz Ahmadzadeh Hooche 3, Abdol’ahad Gheibi 4 1.
Methods of Representing Social Actors in Latifia al-Delimi's Novel "Ladies of Saturn" Based on the Critical Discourse Approach of Van Leeuwen, Arabic Literature, Year 16, Issue 4, Winter, Serial Number 42 - (67-96).
In this research, Delimi’s novel “Ladies of Saturn” is investigated based on Van Leeuwen’s approach; an approach that, by introducing the components of a socio-semantic discourse, seeks to show how meaning and truth are presented hidden in the text.
Accordingly, examining the aforementioned novel within the framework of Van Leeuwen’s theory and specifying how actors are represented in the discourse can play an important role in discovering the ideology used in the text and better clarifying the author’s goals.
Analysis In this section, the various ways of representing social actors in the novel “Ladies of Saturn” are examined in light of the components of Van Leeuwen’s model.
Exclusion The exclusion component is an important aspect of critical discourse analysis and means that social actors are not represented in the discourse according to the goals of the authors (28: 2008, van leeuwen).
In this novel, the image presented of “Hayat” as a central character is more representative of a woman active in the political and social field than having traditional female functions, who does not tolerate oppression and tyranny and engages in political struggle to achieve the rights of the people: “We will not die Rawiya before love shows its dignity in our ruins” (Aldelemi, 2015: 158).
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