ملخص الجهاز:
(3)- Hypothe?se F,Hypothesis E (4)- Ve?rification F,Verification E (5)-To learn about the basic concepts on which the discussed definition is based, namely observation, assumption, and verification, as well as their relationships with each other in a very simple and understandable way, with sufficient references and sources, see: Duverger,Maurice,Me?thodes Des Sciences Sociales.
However, a major difference lies in this: the first definition emphasizes the result obtained and is indicative of a kind of pessimistic and static 8 inference from science, while the second definition views it as a kind of activity, attraction, and effort in which the scientist is engaged, paying attention to the method of search and considering the information obtained as a means for future research: in fact, it recognizes science as a dynamic phenomenon 9 01.
In many branches of knowledge, definition depends on accurate knowledge of the concept of reality outside the mind, and because in many cases, either due to the specific nature of reality or due to the weakness of scientific knowledge in that field, the precise concept of reality is not clear, therefore in such cases definition -------------- For preliminary information on the issue of definition in general and its types and conditions in a clear and very understandable way, refer to the well-known work, although somewhat old, Nagel, Cohn.
(61)-For information on the concept of knowledge and its relationship with the perceptual apparatus, the method of forming knowledge and human needs, see: Meehan,Eugene,Explanation In social science: A System Paradigm,The Dorsey Press,Homewood,Illinois,1968 pp.