خلاصة:
Since the drafting of the first Ottoman constitutional law in 1875 AD / 1293 AH, various discussions and opinions have emerged regarding it, attracting the attention of thinkers and researchers. Jalal Nuri, one of the Ottoman thinkers in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, was a prominent figure who paid attention to the first Ottoman constitutional law. By contemplating the content of the constitution, he pointed out its flaws and strengths and criticized its function in the progress of Ottoman society. Jalal Nuri's approach to the first constitutional law is the issue examined in the present research; using a descriptive and analytical method and utilizing the author's works and historical sources of that time, this study answers the question: what role did Jalal Nuri believe the first Ottoman constitutional law played in the progress of that society?
ملخص الجهاز:
Using a descriptive and analytical method and utilizing the author's works and historical sources of that time, this study answers the question: What role did Celal Nuri believe the first Ottoman Constitutional Law played in the progress of that society?
It is necessary to explain that there is no significant material in Persian research regarding Celal Nuri and his thoughts and actions, and his personality is unknown to Iranian society; however, in Turkish research, articles have been written about various dimensions of his thought, including Islamic unity,1 his view on historical knowledge, and the issue of Ottoman decline, which will be utilized in the text of this research.
Midhat Pasha's draft, titled the New Law, focused on issues related to political geography, the powers of the king, government officials, the duties and responsibilities of the Council of State, the duties and powers of the Chamber of Deputies, Ottoman citizenship, the executive power, and the method of amending the constitution in eight parts and fifty-nine articles.
Disregard for the teachings of the religion of Islam One of the cases that, according to Jalal Nuri, caused the failure of the first Ottoman Constitutional Law was the lack of attention to the capabilities present in Islamic teachings for progress and advancement.
According to Jalal Nuri, during the codification of the constitution, Medhat Pasha, without regard to Islamic teachings, translated the attribute of sanctity from the French Constitution and included it in the text of the first Ottoman Constitutional Law, and this very mistake caused absolute government to be recognized for the Ottoman Sultan.
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