خلاصة:
The study of the role of social forces in political developments has been generally accepted as an essential part of political sociology. Social classes are categorized as distinct social forces playing a role in analysis of the performance of social forces. Among different social classes, the role of traditional middle class has always been outstanding in social and political developments in Iran. This paper intends to study the role of traditional middle class in Iran’s political developments during Islamic Revolution’s period of establishment. As far as methodology is concerned, this study is a descriptive-analytical work that has used library and documentary method. The theoretical framework for analysis of the traditional middle class is Pierre Bourdieu’s theory of capital and class distinction, who has tried to argue the relation between various capitals and social classes. Findings of this paper indicate that the traditional middle class in Iran during the establishment of Islamic Revolution could defeat other classes through appropriate use of various economic, social, political, cultural and symbolic capitals to enjoy a hegemonic role in the country’s political power structure.
ملخص الجهاز:
The research results show that during the era of the formation of the Islamic Revolution of Iran, the traditional middle class was able to triumph over other competitors and gain a hegemonic role in the structure of political power through the appropriate exploitation of diverse economic, social, political, cultural, and symbolic capitals.
Abstract: Keywords : Islamic Revolution of Iran, Bazaaris, Bourdieu, Clerics, Traditional Middle Class Date Received: 2019/06/29 | Date Accepted: 2020/02/13 Introduction Studies related to the influence of social forces on political life, both in periods of stability and in periods of transformation, have long been of interest to political scientists and sociologists, so much so that political sociology, which is one of the main fields of political and social sciences, has evolved from this body of studies.
1. Comprador Bourgeoisie The main hypothesis of the research to answer this question is that the traditional middle class acquired a hegemonic role during the formation period of the Islamic Revolution (1357-1360); because it was able to make good use of its economic, political, social, cultural, and symbolic capitals and exploit these capitals through the mobilization of public opinion, financial support, symbolization, political protection, social authority, institutionalization, etc.
Accordingly, when examining the role of 137 types of capital of the traditional middle class in the political transformations during the formative period of the Islamic Revolution, symbolic capital is placed alongside cultural capital; therefore, in this research, wherever 1.
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