خلاصة:
Due to the dominance of the important trade routes, the Samanids paid special attention to trade. As a commercial commodity, slaves were one of the sources of income for the Samanids. Samani government both imported slaves and allowed slave traders to import slaves in return for taxes. These slaves were exported from the Samanid territory to other regions of the Islamic world, especially Baghdad, the center of the Abbasid Caliphate. The Abbasid caliphate and the Samanid government used imported slaves, especially Turkish slaves, in military affairs, and these slaves had great power in the caliphate and Samanid system. Research data indicate that the slave trade flourished in this period and the Samanids supported it. The main question of the current research is, what was the extent of the role of the Samanids in the slave trade? The findings of the research indicate that the slave trade flourished in this period and the Samanids supported it, they monopolized this trade, supervised the import and export of slaves, imposed taxes and customs duties on them, and gained a lot of income in this way. In addition, the main core of the Samani army was formed by the military forces of Turkish slaves. Based on ancient sources and historical researches and using descriptive-analytical method in this research it has been trried to study the slave trades during the Samanid period.
ملخص الجهاز:
Citation: Ramazanpour, Hassan and Imanpour, Mohammad Taqi and Abbasi, Javad (2024) The Role of the Samanids in the Slave Trade in Khorasan and Transoxiana, Historical Research of Iran and Islam, Spring and Summer 2024, Volume 18, Number 34, pp.
Although much has been discussed regarding the slave trade in Transoxiana and Greater Khorasan so far, the role of the Samanids in the slave trade in these regions, as well as its reasons and consequences specifically for this government, has not been addressed independently, and it seems that conducting such research is a necessity in the historical studies of this period.
Turkic slaves were mostly employed in military services and achieved great success in this role, to the extent that in the third century AH, the main core of the Abbasid Caliphate's army and the emirs and local rulers of various parts of the Islamic world were composed of Turkic slaves (Bosworth, 2000; Gordon, 2021: 356-57; 774-76; Spuler, 1369: 2/ 368).
The Samanid territory extended from the lands of China and India in the east to Baghdad, the center of the Abbasid Caliphate and an important center of internal trade in the Islamic world, in the west (Naji, 1386: 312).
Other emirs of Islamic lands, including the Samanids, also followed the Abbasid Caliphate and employed slave forces in military services, which caused the demand for Turkic slaves to increase.
Sources and Studies Ibn al-Athir, Izz al-Din Ali, 1371, Kamil Tarikh al-Kabir of Islam and Iran, translated by Abolqasem Halat and Abbas Khalili, Tehran: Ilmi Scientific Publishing Institute.
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