Explanation and Investigation of Sensory Perception from the Perspective of Mulla Sadra and Allameh Tabataba'i مقالة

خلاصة:

After accepting the immateriality of the soul, one of the important issues raised in philosophy is how the soul, which is an immaterial being, acquires knowledge of the sensible beings of the natural world, and what is the quality of sensory perception? Mulla Sadra's basis in the issue of sensory perception is very different from the philosophers before him; so much so that in his view, the scientific-sensory forms are immaterial, and the agent creating these forms is the soul itself, and through these forms, the soul acquires knowledge of material objects. Therefore, the soul observes the forms of material objects in the connected imagination (Khayal Muttasil). Allameh Tabataba'i attempts to explain the mechanism of sensory perception in a different way. From his perspective, for every material individual, there exists an immaterial exemplar (Fard-e Mithali) in the separated imagination (Khayal Munfasil), which the soul observes through presence-based knowledge (Ilm al-Huduri) during sensory perception. Therefore, sensory perception is of the nature of presence-based knowledge, not acquisitive knowledge (Ilm al-Husuli). In this writing, first, the views of these two sages on the issue of sensory perception are stated, and then the validity of these two perspectives is criticized and examined, stating that the issue of sensory perception is solvable according to Mulla Sadra's theory, but the arguments of Allameh's theory and the implications of his theory are questionable.