خلاصة:
This study may be regarded as a survey of Razi`s works including Alhavi fi `t-Tib, Almansuri fi `t-Tibb and Akhlaq ut-Tabib. At first, instructions and recommendations of medical morality were classified in three fields: a. physician`s characteristical properties, b. master and pupil`s interactions, c. physician and patient`s interactions. Razi`s moral recommendations and instructions in the field of physician and patient`s are founded upon reliance on God, making profit, lack of damage, trustworthyness, kindness and justice. These are important principles of medical moral. These six principles may be preferred to those current in the West. Razi`s moral principles not only include three principles of the four current in the west but include three principles not current in the West also; they lie in reliance on God, trustworthyness and kindness.
ملخص الجهاز:
Revisiting the Principles of Medical Ethics through the Thought of Muhammad ibn Zakariya al-Razi Akbar Aghayani Chavoshi 1 Abstract This research, using a descriptive-analytical method through investigation and examination of the books: Al-Hawi fi al-Tibb, Al-Mansuri fi al-Tibb, and Akhlaq al-Tabib, which are important works of al-Razi, first: categorizes his medical ethics guidelines and recommendations into three areas: a) Personality traits of the physician.
Second: identifies the basis of al-Razi's ethical recommendations and guidelines in the area of physician-patient interaction as six ethical principles: trust in God, beneficence, non-maleficence, trustworthiness, compassion, and justice, which are considered important principles of medical ethics.
Zakariya al-Razi is among the famous physicians of the Islamic era who, in addition to writing an independent treatise on medical ethics for one of his students which became famous as Akhlaq al-Tabib, has also emphasized extensively in his other works written in the field of medicine on the adherence of physicians to observing the principles of medical ethics in the field of health and treatment.
(Ibid: 301) By raising these discussions, al-Razi emphasizes the necessity of the physician's awareness of medical science and their wisdom and skill in practice, so that in its light, the ethical principle of benefiting the patient and avoiding harm to them is observed.
4. Al-Razi's ethical recommendations and instructions in the interaction between physician and patient are based on six ethical principles: trust in God, beneficence, non-maleficence, trustworthiness, compassion, and justice, which are considered among the most important principles of medical ethics.
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