خلاصة:
Part of orientalists, studies focuses on Shiism. Using various methods, they have studied the development of Shiite Thought. Some of these methods have been typically unique, opening a new horizon before the Muslem scholars, while in some cases, due to different reasons, their results have ended in incorrect findings, not being compatible with the reality. One of the most important figures in the realm of Shiite studies in the west is William Montgomery Watt. Referring to his article, "The Shiites in the era of Umayyids" the present article critically surveys this western scholar's ideas on Shiism. To do this, we criticize his viewpoints by collecting evidences through valid books, analyzing each of them in brief and concluding from them based on methodology and content.
ملخص الجهاز:
Shiism, Shiite scholars, Orientalists, historical analysis, Montgomery Watt H4Preface/H4 Today, the Shiite school of thought in the global arena, especially in the Islamic world, is recognized as an influential religion on the political, social, intellectual, and cultural transformations of Muslims; the teachings of this school have been the focus of many researchers and scholars throughout the world, and the trend of writing articles, books, and establishing research centers in this field has increased in recent years.
For example, in describing the beliefs of Zayd, based on reports from books of sects and creeds (al-milal wa al-nihal), he attributes beliefs such as the affirmation of the caliphate of the first and second caliphs to him, which differs from the reports of Shiite sources regarding the thoughts and the story of Zayd ibn Ali. It was necessary for the author to address this duality by referring to Shiite hadith books, mentioning the praises of the Shiite Imams for Zayd, and considering the motive and high probability of Ash'ari sectologists attributing false claims to Zayd.
Disregard for the epistemological and creedal sources and foundations of Shiism/H4 It is essential to note that Watt's approach and, generally, the method of most researchers who base their work in the field of Shiite studies on historical research, will not result in an accurate scientific conclusion; because it is devoid of a comprehensive view of Shiite sources and also of specific Shiite thoughts.
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