خلاصة:
The Seljuk government had two major internal barriers to establishing centralized and stable bureaucratic management. The first obstacle was the lack of stable financial and monetary resources. The second obstacle was the lack of a centralized communication and transportation system in the political realm. The dominance of the natural economy in the society and the low prevalence of money in the market and trade relations caused the shortage and limitation of monetary resources in the central treasury. Because the government had to collect taxes in a non-monetary way. Lack of liquidity in the government treasury was the most important obstacle to the establishment and consolidation of the bureaucracy. The policy of the Seljuk government in Assignment of Igta’ and non-cash payments to government officials was due to lack of liquidity. Also, the lack of a transportation system and continuous means of communication within the political realm led to the inability of the Central Court to continuously oversee the provinces and the activities of local and province governors. These two conditions led to the disintegration of the Seljuk state and the collapse of the central bureaucracy.
ملخص الجهاز:
Thus, if we add the role of extra-structural factors, such as natural and geographical barriers and boundaries, and social and political factors, such as the dispersion of cities and villages and religious, ethnic, familial, and clan boundaries and local forces, to the aforementioned intra-structural factors, what becomes clear is that the Seljuk bureaucratic system, as an evolved model 412 Historical Research of Iran and Islam, Volume 16, Number 31, Autumn and Winter 2022 of the administrative system in the history of Iran, in line with the centralized and unified management of the political territory, to what extent it has suffered from intra-structural and extra-structural obstacles and limitations.
From the era of Sultan Malikshah (465-485 AH), based on the centralization programs of Khwaja Nizam al-Mulk, in order to complete the administrative model of the Diwan-dar and centralization Intra-structural and functional conflicts in the Seljuk state bureaucracy system 415 (Sarafrazi, 1392: 68 and 69), the policy of eliminating military forces with Turkmen tribal bases and forming a permanent and stable army based on the employment of ghulams and military forces with urban and bureaucratic bases, was implemented (Nizam al-Mulk, 1383: 139).
Despite the fact that in the history of Iran, the prevailing political systems, by creating an all-encompassing bureaucratic apparatus and backed by the military power arising from the corps and army, were always pursuing the suppression of local forces and exercising comprehensive and unified authority in various sectors Intra-structural and functional conflicts in the Seljuk state bureaucratic system 419 political territories, but this type of bureaucratic monarchy, during its peak period of power and administrative and military centralization, suffered from internal fragmentation and bureaucratic erosion.
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