خلاصة:
This article seeks to study the theoretical and transactional views of Imam Riḍā (as) in the domain of Imam and Imamate through the Practical Discourse Analysis Method "PDAM". The discovery of the essential signs related to the issue of Imamate, sovereignty, and governance in this sermon reflects the theoretical and transtheoretical views of the Imams (as) based on Islamic and Qur’ānic principles. The discourse of Imam and Imamate from the perspective of Imam Riḍā (as) with various articulations and by creating intertextual relations between this discourse and the existing discourses in the narrations and the statements of the Prophet (pbuh) and other infallible Imams (as) represent the existence of a "grand theory of Imamate" in the sphere of Islamic sovereignty, which considers the Imam to be one who must have four attributes "appointed by God", "ruler of the Islamic society", "universal leader" and "savior of humanity". These four attributes during the eleven infallible Imams have not been fully realized due to unfavorable conditions, which will fully emerge in the period of the Twelfth Imam, al-Mahdi (as).
ملخص الجهاز:
The discourse of Imam and Imamate from the perspective of Imam Reza, with various elaborations and by creating intertextual relationships between this discourse and the discourses governing the narrations and statements of the Holy Prophet and other Infallible Imams, indicates the existence of a "macro theory of Imamate" in the domain of Islamic sovereignty, which considers the Imam as an individual who must possess four characteristics: "appointed by God," "ruler of the Islamic society," "world leader," and "savior of humanity.
One of the important issues in this regard is the discovery and analysis of the relationship of the Prophetic discourse regarding Imamate, which has taken place throughout Islamic history by the Infallible Imams despite all adversities and marginalization.
The process of Islamic power-sovereignty in relation to the Holy Prophet and the Infallible Imams (Bashir, 1391b) Diagram 2 indicates six important periods of the "macro theory of Imamate," and in each period, it observes conditions and situations that, although most of them were unintended and imposed, were utilized in the best possible way by the Infallible Imams and have been the factor for the continuity of the discourse of Imamate throughout Islamic history.
Methodological Framework Discourse analysis is a qualitative method, but it possesses a specific complexity that results from establishing various relationships between the author, text, reader, context 3, situation 4, conditions 5, surface and deep meanings, and the said and unsaid, which in many cases, discovering them is extremely difficult and requires deep precision and investigation.
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