خلاصة:
Among the discussions of the science of Kalam, the methodological discussions of this knowledge are very important, much like other sciences. While the various methods of theologians in the two domains of inferring religious beliefs and defending them—as the primary mission of this science—have been studied in ancient and modern theological books, a gap in the methodological discussions of theologians in the field of theological inferences is observable. In the author's view, it is noteworthy that many linguistic discussions such as convention, usage, indication, reality and metaphor, verbal principles, and also the conceptual discussions of 'general and specific', 'absolute and qualified', and 'ambiguous and clear', which are considered linguistic topics, can be used in the methodological discussion of the science of Kalam. However, among the aforementioned topics, due to the need for brevity and the capacity of this writing, we have attempted in this article to examine, using an analytical method, only the extent and manner in which Allameh Tabataba'i utilizes the rule of convention and 'ambiguous and clear' in his theological inferences regarding the attributes and actions of God, and we present the results thereof.
ملخص الجهاز:
Investigating the traditional method of Allameh Tabataba'i's inference of theological knowledge from the Quran, focusing on the application of (the rule of linguistic convention) and (ambiguous and clear) regarding divine attributes and actions 1 Nahideh Mahdavi 2 Mohammad Kazem Rezazadeh Joudi 3 Seyed Ali Pourmanouchehri Abstract Among the discussions of the science of theology (Ilm al-Kalam), the epistemological discussions of this science, like other sciences, are very important.
However, among the aforementioned discussions, due to the need for brevity and the capacity of this writing, we have attempted only to analyze through an analytical method the criteria and manner of Allameh Tabataba'i's utilization of the rule of convention and "ambiguous and clear" in his theological inferences regarding divine attributes and actions, and to report the results.
Allamah's method, as mentioned in the issue of names and attributes, is that he seeks help from all linguistic sciences for the deduction of verses; in the first step, he attempts to understand the text of the Quran with the help of the rules and styles of the Arabic language, and in subsequent steps, he draws support from rational, theological, and philosophical foundations.
Conclusion As we have realized from the investigation and study of Allamah Tabataba'i's works in the field of creedal teachings, in his deductions from the verses of the Holy Quran, he has taken into account criteria such as the indication of words, linguistic principles, the authority of apparent meaning, extra-religious philosophical foundations, separate and connected clues, ambiguous and clear (mujmal and mubayyan), and the grouping of families of verses and traditions, which can be introduced as a model for the method of deducing creedal teachings for researchers in the field of theology (Ilm al-Kalam).
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