خلاصة:
Secularism and laicity are two concepts in political science that are usually used interchangeably. However, despite their similarities, these two have many differences. Secularism is a philosophical worldview that looks at the world and explains natural, political and social affairs and phenomena, which of course is divided into branches; But laicity is a type of government in which the institution of religion and the institution of the state are separated from each other and the government is neutral in matters related to religion and belief. Considering this, this article analyzes and interprets the positions of the Fourth National Front in order to find the relationship between this political trend and these two discourses, in order to find a way to explain how it accompanies the spiritual-religious trend on the eve of the Islamic Revolution and to answer the question why the National Front, despite its secular and laicity policy, gave in to some of the religious components of the Islamic Republic.The results of the article show that the Fourth National Front, like its predecessors, the so-called first to third fronts, has no affinity with the discourse of secularism, however, despite some exceptions, it has generally adhered to laicity. Both before and after the revolution, despite the reliance on religion in the analysis of social and political issues, this trend has been against the direct link between the institution of religion and the state, or the government of clerics and religious leaders. Despite this, due to this minimal closeness to religion on the one hand and the non-insistence of the religious leader of the movement on the rule of the clerics during the revolution on the other hand, the cooperation between the two currents was provided in that era.
ملخص الجهاز:
Secularism is a type of philosophical worldview concerned with a materialistic view and the explanation of this worldly affairs and natural, political, and social phenomena, which itself is divided into branches; whereas laïcité is a type of government in which the institutions of religion and state are separated from each other, and the state is neutral in matters related to religion and matters of belief.
Given this, the present article, in order to understand the relationship of the Fourth National Front with these two discourses, analyzes and interprets the positions of this political current to thereby find a way to explain how it accompanied the spiritual-religious current on the eve of the Islamic Revolution and to answer the question of why the National Front, despite its secular and laïcité approach, yielded to some of the religious components of the Islamic Republic.
ِ The hypothesis of the article is that, first, secularism and laïcité, despite having similarities, are two different concepts, and based on their correct definitions, what the National Front believed in was laïcité in the sense of the separation of the institutions of religion and state.
Now, given these definitions, we attempt to identify the concepts related to the discourse of laïcité and secularism in texts attributed to the Fourth National Front, and through this path, to analyze and interpret the positions of this political current and how it accompanied the spiritual-religious current on the eve of the Islamic Revolution.
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