خلاصة:
The International Dictionary of Education defines educational management as the application of techniques and methods of administration. The dictionary defines educational management as guiding, controlling, and administering matters related to the flow of education and training in educational organizations, taking into account the general goals and policies of education and training. Kenzovig defines school management as: "a social process related to identifying, maintaining, motivating, controlling, and unifying all formal and informal human and material forces organized in a single, integrated system that is designed to achieve pre-determined goals." Another expert in defining management and educational leadership says: "Educational leadership consists of assisting and helping to improve educational work and any action that can move the teacher one step forward." Also, according to him, the role of a manager in educational leadership consists of "supporting, strengthening, helping, assisting, and finally cooperating, rather than commanding and directing." In general, educational management is a social process that, by employing scientific, technical, and artistic skills, organizes and coordinates all human and material forces and strives to achieve educational and training goals economically by providing opportunities for motivation and growth and meeting the logical individual and group needs of teachers, students, and staff.
ملخص الجهاز:
" In general, educational management is a social process that, by employing scientific, technical, and artistic skills, organizes and coordinates all human and material forces and strives to reach educational and training goals economically by providing opportunities for motivation and growth and meeting the logical individual and group needs of teachers, students, and staff.
In other words, educational management is defined as "a set of specialized activities in an organization whose primary goal is to make educational services more effective and efficient and to implement policies through planning, decision-making, leadership, optimal use of financial, material, and human resources, and creating a favorable professional-occupational atmosphere in order to achieve pre-determined educational goals and respond to the current and future needs of students and society" (Nirumand and Masjedian Jozi, 2005).
Having a lesson plan before entering the classroom, which most teachers do not have; time management; determining the method of work and how students participate; observing the sequence of the materials being taught; questioning all students; writing answers to questions by all students; seeking opinions and views from students before, during, and after teaching; involving students in the teaching process; strengthening group work; completing the lesson before students become tired; careful review of tests and questions after each lesson's exam; determining the correct answers to questions raised in class with the cooperation of students; not putting excessive pressure on students; collective encouragement of students; helping students and providing correct answers; implementing encouragement through clapping, sending blessings, or individual encouragement; creating an emotional relationship with students; ignoring minor mistakes in some cases; avoiding insulting students who do not maintain order, such as by not cutting hair; creating unity in the student; providing more information than the book contents to students; speaking calculatedly—every word of a teacher is like a statement or a speech, and more important than the words of parents, with this description, a teacher must speak carefully; creating consultation with students in organizing the lesson plan; and posing motivational questions.
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