Psychological investigation of femininity in the poems of Forugh Farrokhzad مقالة

خلاصة:

Jung believed that psychological development and individuation in a person requires going through three macro archetypal processes (shadow, anima/animus, and self) and passing through each of the archetypal levels will bring one closer to psychic integration and unification. Focusing on the anima archetype, the present research analyzed the symbols of development of the second process of individuation in the poetry of Forough Farrokhzad. The symbols of the four levels/stages of anima development—which are symbolized as four characters, namely Eve, Helen, Mary and Sophia—are present in all of Forough Farrokhzad's books of poetry, but their frequency changes as the poet develops psychologically. In the first three books, the frequency of the symbols of Eve and Helen development levels is higher, while in the last two books, the symbols of Mary and Sophia development levels are more frequent. Forough was able to show in her poetry the development of anima to its ultimate level, while never suppressing the lower levels. Accordingly, in the last two books, we can see not only the presence of Mary and Sophia in the poems, but also traces of Eve and Helen in the background. Forough Farrokhzad's poems reflect the development and integration of the psyche of the poet in relation to anima. She was able to unveil the varied, contradictory characters of the anima archetype and, at least in her poetry, portray femininity with the most instinctive to the most sublime qualities, and, as one of the original contemporary artists, demonstrate anima in its totality.