خلاصة:
Engineering disasters, which are often caused by engineering's criminal behavior, have become an increasing trend. This article is based on a descriptive analytical method and by using an open interview method, it seeks to find the reason for the occurrence of such crimes and violations from the perspective of criminal sociology. This article is based on the hypothesis that although the economic factor plays a prominent role in the occurrence of crimes in the engineering world, it is not the most fundamental cause. Rather, factors such as the incorrect process of engineers' training, belief in the correctness and rationality of some criminal behavior and especially sticking to the goals and trying to survive the engineering group by any cost are the most important crime-causing factors in this industry. Considering the theories of criminal sociology, this article deals with economic-oriented penal calculation, differential association, pressure and neutralization technique theories. Finally, it was concluded that among the theories of criminal sociology, the neutralization techniques and differential association are the most suitable theories for finding the cause of the criminal behavior of the engineers.
ملخص الجهاز:
The present research, by focusing on public crimes and specific violations of the engineering profession with specific legal enforcement and without considering purely social norm-breaking, addresses the etiology of delinquency in the construction industry.
This research, by exploring criminal sociology theories including economic-centered, rational-centered, differential association, strain, and neutralization techniques, has reached the conclusion that delinquent engineers are thoughtful and social calculators who, in almost all of their delinquent behaviors, have seemingly rational and humanitarian arguments.
Given that engineers are social and rational individuals, their behaviors should be evaluated based on other sociological theories; relying solely on the economic dimension in explaining crime prevention methods lacks the necessary comprehensiveness in defining criminal policies and will not yield the desired result.
In any case, based on investigations conducted so far, illegal land occupation, non-compliance with building laws and standards, the continuation of the natural development process, urban expansion, changing economic and social needs, the need for housing and employment, weak efficiency of laws, weak legal enforcement of laws, unbalanced policies for urban land reform, unfair distribution of wealth, literacy and culture levels of individuals, managerial weakness, and ultimately the financial dependence of municipalities and the dominance of crimes arising from violations have been identified as causes for the expansion of building violations.
This article is problem-oriented because, firstly, it seeks the reason for the occurrence of crime in a specific industry and only studies the engineering class, and secondly, it addresses the subject solely from a criminal sociological perspective, which defines the precise framework of the research.
(
, 
, 
)
