خلاصة:
'City' and 'village' have long been two opposing phenomena, where the experience of living in both has brought many intellectual, spiritual, and social concerns. This conflict and, consequently, the spiritual effects resulting from living in these two places, have always existed in the poetry of poets. In the view of most of them, the 'city,' despite all its positive characteristics, is a symbol of loneliness, darkness, and anxiety, while in contrast, the 'village,' because of all its goodness, is a symbol of simplicity, intimacy, and purity. This research, using a descriptive-analytical method, conducts a comparative study of urban avoidance and ruralism in the poetry of two contemporary Iranian and Egyptian poets, Mohammadreza Abdolmalekian and Ahmed Abdelmoati Hegazy, through direct reference to the poetry collections of these two poets and with reference to the American school of comparative literature. The results indicate that despite living in completely different political, social, cultural, and geographical conditions, both poets have experienced common states and thoughts, such as nostalgia for the past, returning to the village, and hatred of urbanization. The difference seen in the way the two poets express their feelings toward the village is that most of Hegazy's poems revolve around nostalgia for the past and the intimacy prevailing in the village, narrating his own individual life and personal experiences, whereas Abdolmalekian's perspective is a general one accompanied by longing despite being distant from nostalgia for the village, which is tangible and understandable for any audience.
ملخص الجهاز:
This research, using a descriptive-analytical method, conducts a comparative study of urban avoidance and ruralism in the poetry of two contemporary Iranian and Egyptian poets, Mohammad Reza Abdolmalekian and Ahmed Abdelmoati Hegazy, through direct review of the poetic collections of these two poets and with reference to the American school of comparative literature.
By looking at the poetic collections of these two contemporary poets, we encounter a shared spirit, thoughts, and harmonious poetic themes such as escaping the cold and silent environment of the city, the desire to return to the intimacy of the village, boredom with mechanical life, similar emotional attachments, common challenges in childhood, and their character development; because "Romanticism is among the factors that have caused poets to experience a kind of non-conformity with urban life and to always seek to escape from this polluted and noisy space" (Rajabi, 1390: 62).
In this research, an attempt is made to examine the existing similarities in the poetry of these two contemporary poets, despite their linguistic, spatial, and cultural differences, as well as the potential aspects of distinction between them, while considering commonalities such as similar thoughts, shared challenges, and their similar lives and emotional pains, by referring to the American school of comparative literature.
Generally, the city and the village in the poetry of contemporary Arabic and Persian poets are social phenomena that Hajazi and Abdolmalekian sometimes use in the form of symbols and metaphors.
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