خلاصة:
The present research, with a political sociological approach and a descriptive-analytical method, examines the role of Fadaiyan-e Islam as the pioneers of political Islam in the oil industry nationalization movement and its sinusoidal course from convergence to divergence. The tools for data collection will be library and documentary resources. The main hypothesis of the article is that Fadaiyan-e Islam took effective steps in advancing the movement and removing its obstacles in the early stages of the movement, but after the nationalization of oil, this alliance was broken for various reasons. Some of the research findings are that at the beginning of the national movement, Fadaiyan-e Islam participated in the struggles of the national movement through an armed approach by forming an alliance between national-religious forces with the common goal of denying foreign dominance, and their performance was in the direction of synergy and convergence of political actors; however, with the formation of the national government, the gap between them and the government gradually formed due to the non-realization of the intended goals of the Fadaiyan, revealing the grounds for their divergence.
ملخص الجهاز:
Examining the Role of Fadaiyan-e Islam in the Oil Industry Nationalization Movement in Iran: From Convergence to Divergence Mohammad Fazel Sadri * / Sadegh Zibakalam ** / Abolqasem Taheri *** / Seyed Mostafa Abtahi **** 3 1 Abstract The present research, with a political sociology approach and a descriptive-analytical method, has examined the role of Fadaiyan-e Islam in the oil industry nationalization movement and its trajectory from convergence to divergence.
Therefore, in the initial stages of the movement, they were aligned and in step with existing national religious organizations and currents in the struggle against British colonialism and the removal of foreign dominance over the country's resources, and they took effective steps in advancing the movement; however, with the coming to power of Mossadegh's government and the emergence of differences due to the non-realization of the idealistic goals of Fadaiyan-e Islam, such as the formation and implementation of Islamic laws and an Islamic government, this convergence turned into divergence.
These two different thoughts and ideologies certainly could not keep them continuously together in political struggles and decisions; although they cooperated on issues such as Palestine, the sixteenth parliamentary elections, the National Movement, the nationalization of oil, the assassination of Razmara, and the struggle against English colonialism, however, in matters such as the rapid implementation of Islamic laws and commands after Mossadegh came to power, the presence of individuals like Dr. Baghaei and Shams Qanatabadi in the house of Ayatollah Kashani, and similar cases, caused the separation of the Fadaiyan from the initial coalition.
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