خلاصة:
Hossein Fatemi was among the members of the National Front who, before other members, arrived at the idea of changing the political system from the Pahlavi monarchy to a new political system. However, this idea did not reach fruition for the following three reasons and did not receive much attention in contemporary history discussions: 1. The social and political conditions of Iran were not yet ready, 2. Within the National Front itself, there existed a type of conservative thought in defense of the monarchy, and Fatemi was in the minority, and 3. Fatemi also proposed this idea late, in the days preceding the coup. In this article, we have examined part of the political views of Seyyed Hossein Fatemi and the reasons for the failure of his idea to change the monarchical political system in the days leading up to the coup of August 19, 1953.
ملخص الجهاز:
Three days later, through a joint plan by the United States and Britain, Mossadegh's government was overthrown, the Shah triumphantly returned to Iran, and by the end of that year, Hossein Fatemi was arrested, tried, and executed by firing squad.
In the unsuccessful coup of August 16 of that year (25 Mordad), the first action of the Imperial Guard was the arrest of Foreign Minister Mosaddegh, but since this coup faced failure, Fatemi, after being released from prison, severely attacked the Shah and the court and considered regime change a necessity.
At the Baharestan Square meeting on August 17 (26 Mordad), he called Reza Shah and Mohammad Reza Pahlavi agents of the British hand and named them both traitors who offered Iran's oil to foreigners (Meysami, 1388: 51-56).
The next day, Fatemi, in an editorial in Bakhtar-e Emruz titled "The Traitor Who Wanted to Drench the Homeland in Blood and Soil Has Fled," spoke once again about the end of Mohammad Reza Shah's reign and described the failed coup of August 16 as the "last card and the final leaf of the twelve years of the Shah's reign.
7. Conclusion After the unsuccessful coup of August 16, 1953, when Mohammad Reza Pahlavi abandoned the throne and fled Iran, Sayyid Hussein Fatemi, the Foreign Minister of Mossadegh's government, lashed out fiercely against the monarchy in the editorials of the Bakhtar-e Emruz newspaper during the days of August 16 to 19.
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