خلاصة:
This article examines sovereignty and national security in the light of freedom of information. Freedom of information is one of the rules that has been accepted by the international societies as the human rights and according to international documents available, has the necessary legal support. The principle of the sovereignty of states and the issue of national security are also so important that countries do any attempt to defend their sovereign rights. This issue has led to a controversy between the principle of state sovereignty and the principle of freedom of information. As a result, legal documents, while emphasizing the freedom of information flow, have imposed restrictions on it including protection of public order and security, in order to protect the rights of sovereignty, along with human rights. But some powerful countries have not shown much commitment to the principles contained in this area and have been violating the sovereignty and security of other countries through applying soft war and media spy tools. The research results show that regardless of the importance of human rights and human freedoms, if any of these freedoms are a threat to national security of the countries, they must be controlled and limited; because in the conflict between freedom of information and the rights of the sovereignty, priority is the preserve of sovereignty rights.
ملخص الجهاز:
With this approach, the result of the examination of international legal documents indicates that the issue of freedom of information, as an established human right, enjoys global consensus, and all countries in the world consider themselves obligated to respect it; likewise, the issue of sovereignty and national security is so important to them that they do not accept any violation of their sovereignty by any means or method.
This means that the application of the principle of freedom of information causes a violation of the sovereignty and national security of a country, such that in the course of ensuring and developing human rights and the right to access information and its free transfer, some powerful countries in various economic, military, political, and media fields, in order to secure their own interests, proceed to transfer information using communication tools in a way that sometimes conflicts with the principle of sovereignty of other states and threatens their national security.
Another important issue addressed in this research is the misuse of human rights and the principle of freedom of information by some powerful countries, which has led to the security and sovereignty of states being endangered through actions such as espionage and soft war.
This means that the expansion of abuse by great powers of the free flow of information through actions such as cyber espionage and soft war in other countries has led target countries to limit this human rights principle and reduce access to information in order to achieve national security and preserve their sovereignty.
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