خلاصة:
An examination of Iran's legal system reveals that despite predicting items such as the general policies of the system in the environmental sector, the development vision document, and development plan laws, environmental policymaking has been regarded as environmental decision-making. Policymaking in the environmental arena is contingent upon adhering to the requirements of public policymaking and the application of its governance. Regarding the relationship between state duties, environmental preservation, and the teachings of public law, diverse perspectives are presented. At a minimum, within the framework of the public duty mentioned in Article 50 regarding the state's role in protecting the environment and guaranteeing the right to a healthy environment, there is the (state-centered approach); the second approach defends the necessity of the non-presence or minimal presence of the state in protection matters (the state-less approach); and finally, the participation approach, which is based on the concept of cooperation among state actors, non-state actors, and citizens in environmental protection and the implementation of constitutional policy, distinguishes three interpretive-analytical approaches from one another. The first approach is based on centrality. Until the legal system clarifies its duty regarding the subject of the environment, the formulated policy cannot be a solution to environmental problems. The preservation of the environment and the rights arising from it in Iran will only be realized if fundamental changes are made to what currently exists.
ملخص الجهاز:
Policy-making, as a guiding science and an enabling knowledge, examines various fields that fall under the control of the concept of government, politics, power, and administration, so that on one hand, it specifies programs by designing a desirable pattern and a target destination, and on the other hand, it determines the means to achieve these goals.
(2001) "Studying Public Policy", translated by Abbas Monorian, 1st Edition, Public Administration Training Center Publications Heywood, Andrew (2008) "Key Concepts in Political Science", translated by Hassan Saeed Kolahi, 1st Edition, Elmi Farhangi Publications Conclusion By examining the legal system of Iran, it becomes clear that in this system, policymaking is perceived and manifested in the form of regulations and rule-making, such that development plans, which are considered the country's model and roadmap for progress, are recognized in the form of development plan laws.
Identifying the necessity of public supervision over the country's environmental status, the possibility of people's participation in making environmental decisions, the accountability of government organizations, access to environmental information, play the main role in implementing policies related to the right to the environment.
The importance of such structures is such that environmental protection is highly dependent on the role of administration in implementing policies, laws, and regulations related to citizens' enjoyment of a healthy environment.
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