خلاصة:
Labor childeren, whether street and active in closed environments, works with customary practices (such as street peddler), semi-customary (such as garbage) and unconventional (such as prostitution). Several criminological theories, including Social Strain theory, Criminal Ecology theory and Cultural Conflict theory, have provided important cognitive explanations of the phenomenon of child labor, but other criminological theories, such as the theory of Opportunity and the theory of Everyday Activities, can be used to model the type of conventional, semi-conventional and unconventional activities of children used the offenders who often fall victim to them. Inconsistencies in the habitat, inaccuracies in the perilous environment, inability/ignorance of counseling institutions in crisis intervention, perceptual and behavioral disorders and lack of citizenship rehabilitation skills provide the opportunity to commit certain crimes against child labor in turbulent metropolitan furniture. Awareness of what kind of activities by types of child labor, the context of victimization in which crimes increases, enables intelligent child labor victimization strategies to be given to custodial policemen in the field of child protection. Adopting a prevention strategy without a specific knowledge about the status of environmental conditions harmful to children, the sustained failure of these strategies persists. This article, after applying the criminological theories on the factors and the process of child victimization, explains the meaningful relationship between the crimes committed against these children by their type of work (conventional, semi-conventional and unconventional) and strategies for increasing the crime of committing crimes against these children and enhancing immunity.
ملخص الجهاز:
This article, after applying the aforementioned criminological theories to the factors and processes of child laborer victimization, explains the significant relationship between crimes committed against these children and their type of work (conventional, semi-conventional, and unconventional) and proposes solutions to increase the difficulty of committing offenses against these children and to increase their immunity against environmental opportunities for victimization.
Spending long hours in the streets and being exposed to multiple hazardous environmental factors on one hand, and the lack of enjoyment or severe limitation in using educational, training, health-medical, and protective facilities on the other, as well as physical, mental, and social health in Iran, exposes children to severe harm and deprives them of the possibility of individual growth and development.
The phenomenon of street children, although a product and reflection of the economic, social, and cultural living conditions of specific classes, namely the underprivileged classes of society, and their tendency towards marginalization in metropolitan areas, its current situation, especially its future trend, is such that it cannot be considered a social pathology that is particularly controllable solely through methods of intervention, reform, counseling, rehabilitation, reintegration, and placement in centers.
In this regard, solutions were proposed to increase the difficulty of committing offenses against these children and to increase their immunity against victimization environmental opportunities; these solutions are mostly focused on reducing the role of settlement instability, the unobservability of harmful environments, inability/unawareness of seeking help from crisis intervention institutions, perceptual and behavioral disorders, and the lack of citizenship rehabilitation skills on the delinquency of working children and adolescents; in providing solutions, special attention was paid to situational prevention of harassment and the exercise of power over child laborers through the abuse of the chaotic urban furniture of metropolises.
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