خلاصة:
The definition of the science of history and its importance and benefits has been one of the issues that experts have discussed from ancient times to the present day. From the thinkers of ancient Greece to contemporary thinkers, from contemporary Iranian scientists to European thinkers, from irreligious and even anti-religious thinkers to Muslim or Christian believers, they have all expressed opinions about it, and these diverse opinions demonstrate the importance of the science of history among thinkers. Awareness of the opinions of experts in this regard allows the history researcher to approach research with a more comprehensive view. In this article, relying on library studies and using a descriptive method, the opinions of experts regarding the science of history and its importance and benefits are presented. The research findings show a clear distinction among various experts regarding the definition of the science of history, its position, and the expectations they had of history.
ملخص الجهاز:
" He also said: "He who contemplates history and knows the news of the past, in every incident and event that occurs to him from the era of Adam to his own era, will find that he has consulted with all the wise people of the world through it, and this meaning is more beneficial than consultation.
" Livy, a Roman historian, said: "The study of history is the best medicine for a sick soul, because history is a report before everyone's eyes of events, the knowledge of actions, emotions, and thoughts that humans have experienced through successive periods of time and deemed worthy of being recorded and preserved in memory" (Samaran, 1375: 1/13).
Collingwood, an English historian and philosopher, said: "History deals with the discovery of human effort, meaning the actions that humans have performed in the past, and in this task, it utilizes its own specific method, which is the interpretation of historical documents.
He also said that history is the science of events that, through the sequence of past time, are connected to the living members of human society (Ayenehvand, 1387: 12).
Dr. Hassan Hazrati, a professor at the University of Tehran, has said: "The science of history is the knowledge of important events of the human past" (Hazrati, 1391: 44).
" William Henry Walsh, a contemporary English philosopher, has said: "History is the retelling of all the past actions of man, in such a way that we not only find ourselves in the course of events but also recognize the cause of those occurrences" (Walsh, 1363: 25).
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