خلاصة:
In the Bostan, Saadi has employed storytelling in the design of this work for his thoughts and has used it to create a context for teaching lessons and wisdom; thus, the Bostan holds a special place among his works from the perspective of storytelling. Investigating the plot structure of the tales in the Bostan is important in showing Saadi's method of expression; the aim of this research is to identify the plot structure of the tales in this work, which has been written using a descriptive-analytical method based on library resources. To this end, first, all the existing tales in the Bostan were studied. Then, from among them, the tales that fully met the criteria of a tale were extracted, and their plots were analyzed. The result of this investigation shows that most of the tales in the Bostan, despite their brevity, possess a natural plot, and the essential elements of the plot manifest themselves more prominently within them. Therefore, the plot of the tales in this work is not complex and they can be considered part of simple plots; because the natural order of events in the tales prevails over artificial order, and events always occur in a cohesive and sequential manner in the narrative. Consequently, the tales of Saadi's Bostan are classified as an 'Open Plot' in terms of the plot element. Furthermore, by analyzing the plot structure of the tales (42 tales with plots), it was determined that the tales of the Bostan, in terms of plot shape and frequency order, are classified into three types: normal 38 tales (48.90 percent), incomplete 3 tales (7.14 percent), and excellent 1 tale (2.38 percent).
ملخص الجهاز:
Investigating the Plot Structure of the Tales in Saadi's Bostan Omid Vahdanifar University of Bojnord Abstract In the book Bostan, Saadi has employed storytelling, which is the artistic language of expressing ethics, to convey his thoughts and has used it to lay the groundwork for teaching lessons and wisdom; thus, Bostan holds a special position among his works from the perspective of fiction writing.
The result of this investigation shows that most of the tales present in Bostan, despite their brevity, possess a natural plot, and the essential elements of plot (complication, conflict, suspense, crisis, climax, and resolution) manifest themselves prominently in them.
Since examining the mode of narration of authors of narrative works is very useful in interpreting and explaining their speech and words, in this research, Saadi's Bostan, which possesses a narrative structure, has been criticized and analyzed through the lens of the narrative element "Plot.
As mentioned, one of the essential elements of a plot is the existence of a cause-and-effect relationship among the events and occurrences of the story, which Saadi has kept in mind in the tales of the Bostan and has rarely deviated from this principle.
(Mir Sadeghi, 1390a: 295) In fact, the main components of the body of the story, which are structural elements of the plot, include: conflict (Action), suspense (Suspense), crisis (Crisis), and climax (Climax).
6. The classification of the plot forms of the Bostan stories has been shaped based on the article "The Structure of the Stories of Saadi's Golestan," written by Fatemeh Abedi (1388).
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