خلاصة:
After World War II, new cities were a model for helping to solve the social, economic, and environmental problems of large cities. This model provided population and employment distribution across the entire territorial space; thus, the idea of the new city spread rapidly throughout the world with the tool of regional development. In Iran, the idea of creating new cities, in its modern sense, matured mainly after 1961 due to the economic and social transformations that occurred in the country. Given that two decades have passed since the establishment of new cities in Iran and the enormous costs incurred in this way, it is necessary to examine the level of access to the objectives of establishing such cities. The aim of this research was to evaluate the feasibility of the objectives of new cities in Iran, and to this end, we have addressed the evaluation of the feasibility of the objectives of Sadra New City by considering two important components: sense of place and access to services. The research method is descriptive-analytical and survey-based. To determine the sample size, Morgan's table was used. The statistical population includes the citizens of Sadra New City, and the sample population includes 400 residents of this new city. To this end, 400 questionnaires were completed and collected in this city. After entering the questionnaires into the SPSS software environment, in addition to using descriptive statistics, a One-sample T test was used to compare means for testing the research hypotheses. The results of the research showed that: Sadra New City has not been successful in creating a sense of place among citizens and providing urban services and facilities to residents. After World War II, new cities were a model for helping to solve the social, economic, and environmental problems of large cities. This model provided population and employment distribution across the entire territorial space; thus, the idea of the new city spread rapidly throughout the world with the tool of regional development. In Iran, the idea of creating new cities, in its modern sense, matured mainly after 1961 due to the economic and social transformations that occurred in the country. Given that two decades have passed since the establishment of new cities in Iran and the enormous costs incurred in this way, it is necessary to examine the level of access to the objectives of establishing such cities. The aim of this research was to evaluate the feasibility of the objectives of new cities in Iran, and to this end, we have addressed the evaluation of the feasibility of the objectives of Sadra New City by considering two important components: sense of place and access to services. The research method is descriptive-analytical and survey-based. To determine the sample size, Morgan's table was used. The statistical population includes the citizens of Sadra New City, and the sample population includes 400 residents of this new city. To this end, 400 questionnaires were completed and collected in this city. After entering the questionnaires into the SPSS software environment, in addition to using descriptive statistics, a One-sample T test was used to compare means for testing the research hypotheses. The results of the research showed that: Sadra New City has not been successful in creating a sense of place among citizens and providing urban services and facilities to residents.
ملخص الجهاز:
On one hand, the officials and trustees of this matter, namely the Ministry of Housing and Urban Development and especially the New Cities Development Company, insist on the success of this program and intend to continue and expand this policy; on the other hand, critics and specialists in various fields, especially urban planning, have provided different theories regarding the inefficiency and failure of this policy (Zarbast and Jahanshahlou, 2007:6).
Table 1- Research Background [Refer to image] According to some urban experts, these cities follow a difficult and long path in achieving demographic goals, creating a dynamic, balanced, and self-sufficient urban environment (1998:11,Beheshtiha &Atash ).
In this regard, evaluating the performance and role of Sadra New City (as one of the new cities in Iran) and understanding its level of success in achieving primary goals for the guidance, growth, and future development of the city is an undeniable necessity.
In this direction, the researcher has aimed to provide a reasoned answer to the fundamental question of to what extent new cities have been successful in realizing their socio-cultural and economic goals, namely creating a sense of place and satisfying citizens' needs in accessing services.
Table 3 – Operational definitions and items related to the components [Refer to image] - Sadra New City has not been successful in creating a sense of place among its citizens.
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