خلاصة:
In the field of cognitive linguistics and cognitive poetics، researchers have emphasized metaphor’s important role in conceptualizing world experiences. In this respect، body parts have always been considered as a source domain in structuring various concepts in most languages and they’ve been exploiting the cultural models of each language in this deed. So، in order to investigate the interaction between metaphor، body، and culture in Persian، the present study tries to analyze some body-part metaphors including del (heart-stomach)، jegar (liver) and chechm (eye). The data was collected from Sa''di’s Bustan which is the demonstrative of Persian culture and has a great deal of body-parts metaphors. The analysis of the metaphorical expressions was carried out within a theoretical framework based on insights from cognitive linguistics and poetics. The data analyzed shows that Iranian cultural models، derived from Iranian traditional medicine and Persian spiritual belief systems such as the Sufi worldview and Islamic religion are some factors that affect the structure of cross-domain conceptual mappings.
ملخص الجهاز:
Metaphor, Body and Culture: Conceptualization of Heart, Liver and Eye in Saadi's Bostan Soleiman Ghaderi ( MA student in Linguistics, University of Isfahan Abstract Lakoff and Turner (1989) examined the issue of poetic creativity in the book "Beyond Pure Reason" and made two important claims in this regard: 1.
The characteristic of being conventional means that the metaphors of a specific linguistic community are a shared conceptual tool in the hands of its members; for this reason, this metaphorical system must have certain mappings between the source and target domains.
Therefore, the present research, considering the perspectives of the aforementioned studies and assuming the poet's use of a set of tools in empowering and highlighting poetic metaphor, aims—within the framework of the emerging school of cognitive poetics and relying on the theoretical foundations introduced in Lakoff's conceptual metaphor theory as well as the poetic techniques explained in the book by Lakoff and Turner (1989)—to examine Saadi's creativity in creating metaphors or highlighting colloquial metaphors derived from body vocabulary such as eye (didah) and heart in 'Bustan.
On the other hand, some researchers such as Turner (1996), Fauconnier29 and Turner (2002), have claimed that all novel creative metaphorical creations in poetry are not the result of utilizing these techniques, and factors such as the conceptual blending30 of components from different domains or mental templates are involved in this process.
Lakoff and Turner (1989: 67- 72), in order to explain the inferential power of poetic metaphor, believe that the poet regularly employs several tools in creating unconventional or novel linguistic expressions and images based on intellectual resources and everyday conventional language.
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