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In this way, just as Taoist culture prepared the Chinese mind much earlier than other civilizations to accept the concept of zero and negative numbers, it was able to create this same mindset in the creation of visual works, especially through the extensive use of empty space in painting.
Negative space in painting In most books written about composition in painting, a chapter (Refer to the page image) Bamboo, Hesui, ink on paper, 16th century Chinese artists may not necessarily be familiar with those intellectual teachings that rescue philosophy from emotionalism.
In (Refer to the page image) Autumn Colors in Hesun Yang, Lu Ji, diluted color and ink on paper, 14th and 15th century It considered the authenticity of nothingness as the key to understanding and entering the world of Tao. This authenticity of nothingness, just as it influences the conduct and wise way of life of the Tao, and becomes a source for obtaining moral and mystical teachings and recommendations, has also become a source of influence on the culture, traditions, and way of life of the Chinese people, and even their art and science.
Given the culture of Tao and the concepts of emptiness and nothingness present in their minds, the Chinese were familiar with negative numbers at least by the second century AD.
" Tao Te Ching - Chapter Four In this same vein, the Taoist creed places extraordinary value on emptiness versus fullness, non-existence versus existence, softness versus hardness, inability versus ability, and unpretentiousness, lack of purpose, and passivity.