خلاصة:
This article is a step towards understanding the relationship and the intellectual influence and impact between two sects, the Mu'tazila and the Zaydiyya. Attention to the relationship between the two sects in Baghdad, Iran, and the Maghreb indicates intellectual and cultural interaction between the aforementioned two sects, to the extent that it can be said that the intellectual principles of the Zaydiyya are derived from the Mu'tazila. Therefore, sectologists consider the Zaydiyya to be Mu'tazilite in principles. On the other hand, the Mu'tazilites, especially the Mu'tazila of Baghdad, were under the influence of Zaydi Shiism, to the point that they are referred to as the 'Shiite Mu'tazila'. Writers of religions and sects attribute the cause of the relationship between the Zaydiyya and the Mu'tazila to Zayd ibn Ali being a student in the school of Wasil ibn Ata; however, the current effort seeks, by providing historical evidence, to deny such a view and instead introduce factors such as the intellectual homogeneity of the leaders of the two sects, the rationalism of both sects in theoretical discussions, and the existence of biographical figures such as Qasim ibn Ibrahim al-Rassi, Imam Hadi al-Haq Yahya ibn Husayn ibn Qasim ibn Ibrahim, and the ruler Abu Sa'd Muhsin ibn Muhammad ibn Karama Jashmi Bayhaqi, who held similar thoughts, among other issues, as the reasons for establishing the relationship between the two sects.
ملخص الجهاز:
' Writers of sects and religions attribute the cause of the relationship between the Zaydiyya and the Mu'tazila to Zayd ibn Ali being a student in the school of Wasil ibn Ata; however, the present endeavor seeks, by providing historical evidence, to deny such a view and instead introduce factors such as the intellectual homogeneity of the leaders of the two sects, the rationalism of both sects in theoretical discussions, and the existence of biographical figures such as Qasim ibn Ibrahim al-Rassi, Imam Hadi al-Haq Yahya ibn Husayn ibn Qasim ibn Ibrahim, Ruler Abu Sa'd Muhsin ibn Muhammad ibn Karama Jashmi Bayhaqi, who shared similar thoughts, among other issues, as the causes for establishing the relationship between the two sects.
According to the narration of Sayyid Murtada (634 AH), Wasil ibn Ata (before meeting Zayd) had invited Muhammad and Ibrahim ibn Abd Allah to the school of 'Adl5, and the two accepted the invitation of Wasil ibn Ata. This report expresses the beginning of the contact between the Mu'tazila and the Zaydiyya.
The author of Fadl al-I'tizal wa Tabaqat al-Mu'tazila, in introducing the sects that accompanied Ibrahim ibn Abd Allah in his uprising, says: "Important Mu'tazili figures participated in this uprising...
Ibrahim ibn Abd Allah ibn Hasan (301-541 AH), brother of al-Nafs al-Zakiyya, was one of the great Zaydi scholars who initially went to Basra through his brother, and there, a large number of people from Fars, Ahvaz, and other lands accepted his invitation.
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