خلاصة:
The high volume of waste and its increasing production due to population growth in cities, in addition to creating many environmental problems, has created dilemmas in waste management in cities, as the accumulation of these materials causes the production of greenhouse gases, especially methane. In the Kyoto Protocol (the agreement for industrial countries to commit to reducing greenhouse gases by 5.2% below 1990 emission levels in the period 2000-2005), special attention has been paid to it. In this protocol, a mechanism called the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) has been incorporated, through which industrial countries implement projects to fulfill their commitments to reducing emissions and also to contribute to sustainable development in developing countries, and in return, receive Certified Emission Reductions (CER). In this regard, developing countries such as Iran must also take advantage of this opportunity by defining projects such as methane gas recovery from sanitary landfills and also waste incineration projects like other countries, so that in addition to attracting capital and technology, they take a fundamental step towards reducing negative environmental impacts and producing clean and renewable energy. In this article, the mechanisms incorporated in the Kyoto Protocol, specifically the Clean Development Mechanism, and its advantages for attracting international credits as a solution for solving waste management, are analyzed and reviewed.
ملخص الجهاز:
4- 0001 kW Photovoltaic 5- 001 MW wind turbine power plant-Manjil 6- 06 MW wind turbine power plant 7- Production of 01 MW of electricity using municipal waste fuel 8- Dual-fuel conversion of 7/5 MW diesel generators 9- Simultaneous production of electricity and heat with a capacity of 005 MW 01- Reduction of greenhouse gas emissions in the cement industry 11- CO 2 recycling Discussion and Conclusion: Urban waste management requires large initial investment, which is usually not given much attention alongside other urban services; therefore, this management is not implemented correctly.
In this regard, Iran, like other developing countries, can attract significant economic, social, and technological benefits through the definition of energy production projects from municipal waste, in addition to attracting foreign investment and technology transfer according to appropriate policies through the sale of Certified Emission Reductions (CER).
In this protocol, a mechanism called the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) has been established, through which industrialized countries implement projects to fulfill their emission reduction commitments and also contribute to sustainable development in developing countries, receiving Certified Emission Reductions (CER) in return.
In this regard, developing countries such as Iran should also take advantage of this opportunity, by defining projects such as methane gas recovery from sanitary landfills and also waste incineration projects like other countries, so that in addition to attracting capital and technology, they can take a fundamental step towards reducing adverse environmental effects and producing clean and renewable energy.
Among the most important of these is the approval of the Kyoto Protocol and consequently the activities of countries in implementing the Clean Development Mechanism with the aim of meeting greenhouse gas reduction commitments.
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