خلاصة:
Demonstrative knowledge, which is the path a philosopher takes to recognize objects; revelatory knowledge, which is the path believers in religions reach by adhering to the outward aspects of religious texts; and the attainment of truths through inward spiritual journeying (Suluk), as achieved by mystics and seekers, are recognized paths and forms of knowledge of things. However, reconciling these paths—adhering to religious texts, rational proofs, spiritual journeying, and believing in their unity—is something that has rarely occurred among religious scholars, especially if that scholar is a great jurist with Akhbari tendencies in jurisprudence. This reconciliation, with all its characteristics, is clearly manifested in Fayz Kashani. He is one of the few Shia scholars who has been able to create a synthesis and harmony among these three schools. This writing demonstrates how Fayz succeeded in this integration and synthesis.
ملخص الجهاز:
Keywords Knowledge, Revelation, Demonstration, Mysticism, Reason, Discovery -------------- (*) Member of the faculty of the Department of Philosophy at Mofid University Introduction Fayz is a renowned traditionist (muhaddith), possessing hadith works such as Kitab al-Wafi; a capable jurist with an Akhbari tendency; and a great philosopher through the writing of books and treatises such as Usul al-Ma'arif, Ayn al-Yaqin, 'Ilm al-Yaqin, etc.
13 Considering what was quoted from Sadr al-Muta'allihin and his student Fayd Kashani, they do not believe in any difference between acquired sciences, inspiration, and revelation other than the presence or absence of clarity in the known realm; meaning that whatever the intellect reaches through its own effort and investigation and that which the prophets (peace be upon them) have obtained through connection with the Preserved Tablet, are one both in the origin, namely the Active Intellect and the Preserved Tablet, and in the destination, namely the human soul.
" It is highly probable that Sadr al-Muta'allihin and Fayd Kashani took this term from Ghazali, especially since Sadrā has cited his name and expressions in the second volume of Asfar33, then presented the words of Ayn al-Quzah stating that the intellect, as a correct scale and judge, can adjudicate, and thus concluded that discovery is never incompatible with the intellect, and that sound demonstration and explicit reason have no conflict with the revelations of the people of spiritual journeying (ahl al-suluk).
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