خلاصة:
Internal migration is a phenomenon that is flowing intensely today in developed and developing countries, and it can be considered one of the effects of industrialization and industrial development, which has followed an increasing trend from the last century to the present. The most important factors of this phenomenon, which continues as a global and pandemic trend in all countries (both industrial and non-industrial), are divided into two categories: pull factors of cities, which are a direct result of industrial life, and conversely, push factors of villages, which has led to the most natural action of villagers, namely migration to large cities. The present research examines the trend of internal migrations in the country from the perspective of causes, types, and dominant factors, and has categorized this trend into four separate periods from the beginning of the 14th century AH to the present, and has enumerated its most important effects on national security by relying on the socio-cultural and environmental dimensions of security, with special emphasis on internal migration in Tehran over the last three decades. The results of the research indicate that in the fourth period of the country's internal migrations, the most influential causes leading to the migration of villagers to large cities and provincial centers, especially the metropolis of Tehran, include causes such as the increasing gap between city and village, differences in income levels between city and village, ease of use of urban welfare facilities, the possibility of achieving cultural goals, and similar matters; and due to the lack of a regular and logical system for this phenomenon, some components of national security, such as social and environmental security, have been heavily affected. The intensification of social abnormalities, the expansion of marginalization around large cities (especially Tehran), and the unfavorable impact on the country's economy can be counted among the most important effects of the migration phenomenon on the social dimension of national security.
ملخص الجهاز:
The present research examines the trend of internal migrations in the country from the perspective of causes, types, and dominant factors, and categorizes this trend into four separate periods from the beginning of the 14th century AH to the present, and has enumerated its most important effects on national security by relying on the socio-cultural and environmental dimensions of security, with a special emphasis on internal migration in Tehran over the last three decades.
The research results indicate that in the fourth period of the country's internal migrations, the most influential causes leading to the migration of villagers to large cities and provincial centers, especially the metropolis of Tehran, include causes such as the increasing gap between city and village, differences in income levels between city and village, ease of using urban welfare facilities, the possibility of achieving cultural goals, and similar matters.
Demographic movements, due to the limitations of cities in accepting the overflow population from villages, cause their displacement toward the vicinity of large cities, has led to the growth of the uncontrolled and disorganized phenomenon of marginalization, which has also been the source of many other derivative effects such as "cultural conflict", "unemployment", "proliferation of fake jobs", "violence", "increase in crimes", "criminality", "lack of livelihood and welfare facilities", "disorder in urban systems", "intensification of social and cultural disorders", "increase in addiction and drug trafficking", "homelessness", "street children and women" and the like, each of which can be a serious threat to the security of urban societies.
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