Masnavi composition in the Persian language until the end of the fifth century AH مقالة

ملخص الجهاز:

During this period, various types of Masnavis are seen, including epic Masnavis, romantic stories, short and long Masnavis, didactic and advisory poems, satirical Masnavis, Masnavis containing obscene and vulgar themes, Masnavis in which ancient Iranian wisdom books have been versified (such as Sindbadnameh), and Masnavis composed solely for amusement and to test poetic talent. The only point that can be noted from studying these scattered verses is that the composition of Saqi-nama and Mughanni-nama (meaning addressing the cupbearer and the singer in the manner that first appeared in Nizami's Iskandarname at the beginning of the stories, and then Khwaja Hafiz composed them together as an independent poem named Saqi-nama) was also performed for the first time in the Persian language by Fakhr al-Din. The oldest existing addresses to the singer and the cupbearer (to the extent that documents and records are available today) are found in his poems in the Mutaqarib meter, and if someone else preceded him in this work, we have no knowledge of it 1. Since then, this method has also been followed by Persian-speaking poets in various centuries was followed, and numerous books were composed and authored in this same style, of which Hadiqat al-Sana'i is one of the most important verse examples; among similar books (only in terms of composition style and method of presenting subject matter), one can mention Rumi Jalal al-Din's Masnavi, Nizami's Makhzan al-Asrar, and Saadi's Bostan, and among prose books, Marzbannameh, Sindbadnameh, Kalila and Dimna, Qabusnameh, Siyar al-Muluk by Khwaja Nizam al-Mulk, and so on.