Abstract:
The vast bodies of studies in the word and recently in Iran have attempted to investigate the manufacturing industry structure (indicating the level of industries in terms of monopoly or competitiveness) and its trend using the various indices and methods. Despite the importance of Lorenz Curve and Gini Coefficient in indicating the market structure, these methods, capabilities have been neglected in determining the structure of manufacture industries in Iran by the way. Therefore, this paper attempts to indicate the structure of main manufacturing industries in Iran (including manufacture of food and beverages, manufacture of textile and production of none-metallic minerals industry) using the mentioned methods. The results of this study indicate that in the intended three years and with respect to the employment, output amounts and value added indices, these industries have concentration ratio more than 0.6. This means that they enjoy from none competitive structure. Therefore and in terms of policy, the results indicate the necessity of more consideration of policies that focus on elimination of monopoly and encourage the more competitiveness in the industrial sector.
Machine summary:
"Despite the importance of LorenzCurve and Gini Coefficient in indicating the market structure, these methods, capabilities have been neglected in determining the structure of manufacture industries in Iran by the way.
Therefore, using Lorenz curve and Gini coefficient this paper tries to investigate the market structure of three main industry of Iran (including the production of foods and beverages, textile and the other of none- metallic mineral products).
3. Background Overview Although, the industrial structure has been investigated by using the concentration ratio and Herfindahl-Hirschman methods in several studies, but, there are a few studies that indicate the industrial structure by Lorenz curve and Gini coefficient.
The results of this study showed that the concentration of the cement industry has decreased according to the absolute indices, but has increased based on inequality indices, Lorenz curve and Gini coefficient.
Table 2: Calculation f industrial structure using Lorenz curve indices year Production of Foods & (View the image of this page)2000 Table 3: Calculation of Gini Coefficient in intended industries (View the image of this page)5.
Conclusions Despite the importance of determining the structure of manufacturing industries using Lorenz curve and Gini coefficient, there are a few studies that use this method in Iran.
Also, with emphasis on the value added as one of the most important indicator for profitability, the concentration of the production of food and beverages has decreased but this amount for other industries has increased during the studied years."