Abstract:
اﺳﻼم ﻃﻼق را ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﯾﮏ ﺿﺮورت ﻣﺒﻐﻮض ﭘﺬﯾﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺤﻮی ﮐﻪ ﻣﮑﺮوه ﺑﻮدن ﻃﻼق در اﺳﻼم، ﺑﻬﺘﺮﯾﻦ دﻟﯿﻞ ﻧﺤﻮه ﻋﺒﻮر ﺷﺮع از اﯾﻦ دو ﻣﺤﺬور اﺳﺖ، ﺑﺪﯾﻦ ﻣﻌﻨﯽ ﮐﻪ ﻫﻢ اﺻﻞ آن ﺿﺮوری و ﻧﻔﯽ آن ﻏﯿﺮﻣﻨﻄﻘﯽ و ﻏﯿﺮﻋﺎﻗﻼﻧﻪ اﺳﺖ و ﻫﻢ ﺿﺮورﺗﯽ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎﯾﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ ﻣﻤﮑﻦ ﺗﻘﻠﯿﻞ ﯾﺎﺑﺪ. در ﺿﻤﻦ اﻧﺴﺎنﻫﺎ ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﺧﻠﻘﺖ ﻧﯿﺰ دارای دو ﺑﻌﺪ ﻓﺮدی و اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ و ﺑﻪ ﻟﺤﺎظ ﻓﻄﺮی از ﺑﯿﻦ ﺑﺮدن ﺧﺎﻧﻮاده ﺑﺮﺧﻼف ﻓﻄﺮت و ﺑﺮﺧﻼف ﻧﯿﺎزﻫﺎی روﺣﯽ، رواﻧﯽ و ﺟﺴﻤﯽ آﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ و از ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﺪﻧﯽ، اﺳﺎس ﻣﺪﻧﯿّﺖ ﻣﺮدم ﻫﺮ ﮐﺸﻮر و ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﺑﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﺑﻪ اﺳﺘﺤﮑﺎم و ﺳﻼﻣﺖ ﺗﺸﮑﯿﻼت ﺧﺎﻧﻮادهﻫﺎی آن ﻣﻠّﺖ داﺷﺘﻪ و از ﻧﻈﺮ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ ﻧﯿﺰ، ﺧﺎﻧﻮاده ﮐﺎﻧﻮن ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ ﻧﺴﻞ و ﺗﺮﺑﯿﺖ و ﭘﻮﯾﺎ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻦ اﻓﺮاد ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻧﻘﺶ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻢ در ﭘﯿﺸﺮﻓﺖ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ دارد. ﺑﻨﻈﺮ ﻣﯽرﺳﺪ، ﺑﺎ وﺟﻮد ﻣﻮج ﻋﻈﯿﻤﯽ از ﻫﺠﻤﻪﻫﺎی دﺷﻤﻦ ﺑﺮای ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻠﻪ ﺑﺎ دﯾﻦ اﺳﻼم در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﺷﺒﻬﺎت دﯾﻨﯽ و ﺗﻤﺮﮐﺰ ﺑﺪﺧﻮاﻫﺎن روی ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻞ ﻓﻘﻬﯽ اﺳﻼم و از ﻃﺮﻓﯽ، رﺷﺪ ﭘﺪﯾﺪه ﻃﻼق در ﻣﯿﺎن ﺟﻮاﻣﻊ اﺳﻼﻣﯽ و ﺗﻤﺎﯾﻞ ﺷﺪﯾﺪ ﺟﻮاﻧﺎن ﺑﻪ اﯾﻦ ﻣﻬﻤﺎن ﻧﺎﺧﻮاﻧﺪه و ﮐﻤﺒﻮد ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت و ﭘﮋوﻫﺶﻫﺎ در اﯾﻦ زﻣﯿﻨﻪ، ﻻزم ﺑﻮد ﭘﯿﺮاﻣﻮن اﯾﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮع ﻣﻬﻢ و ﺑﻨﯿﺎدی ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﯽ ﺻﻮرت ﺑﮕﯿﺮد. در اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ از روش ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻠﯽ در زﻣﯿﻨﻪ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ اﺣﮑﺎم ﻓﻘﻬﯽ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده و ﺑﺼﻮرت ﮐﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪای اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎی ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﻋﺒﺎرﺗﻨﺪ از: ﺗﻼش ﺣﺎﮐﻢ ﺷﺮع ﺑﺮای ﭘﯿﺸﮕﯿﺮی از ﻃﻼق، ﺳﯿﺎﺳﺖﻫﺎی ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑﺎ ﺣﻔﻆ ﻧﻈﺎم ﺧﺎﻧﻮاده و اﻫﺘﻤﺎم وﯾﮋه اﺳﻼم ﺑﻪ آراﻣﺶ ﻧﺴﺒﯽ اﻋﻀﺎی ﺧﺎﻧﻮاده ﺑﺨﺼﻮص ﻓﺮزﻧﺪان.
Islam has accepted divorce as an enviable necessity in such a way that the abomination of divorce in Islam is the best reason for the sharia to pass through these two prohibitions, meaning that both its principle is necessary and its negation is irrational and unwise, and it is necessary that It should be reduced to a minimum. In addition, human beings have two individual and social dimensions based on creation, and instinctively destroying the family is contrary to their nature and contrary to their mental, psychological and physical needs, and civilly, the basis of civilization of the people of any country and society depends on strength and health. The organization of the families of that nation and socially, the family is the center of generation and education and dynamization of society, which has a direct role in the development of society. It seems that despite the huge wave of enemy attacks to confront the religion of Islam in the form of religious suspicions and the focus of ill-wishers on Islamic jurisprudential issues, on the other hand, the growth of divorce in Islamic societies and the strong desire of young people for this uninvited guest and lack of research. In this regard, it was necessary to conduct research on this important and fundamental issue. In this research, the analytical method in the field of jurisprudential rulings has been used and has been done as a library. The findings of the study are: the efforts of the ruling sharia to prevent divorce, policies related to maintaining the family system and Islam's special concern for the relative peace of family members, especially children.