چکیده:
در این مقاله به بررسی تطبیقی موضوع سلامت معنوی به عنوان یکی از مهم ترین ارکان سلامت که اخیرا در سازمان جهانی بهداشت به مولفه های قبلی سلامت، یعنی جسمی، روانی و اجتماعی اضافه شده است، از دیدگاه دکارت به عنوان موسس فلسفه جدید غرب، و علامه طباطبائی به عنوان نماینده فلسفه و فرهنگ اسلامی، می-پردازیم. نزد دکارت، سلامت معنوی به لحاظ نگرش اومانیستی او، جنبه انتزاعی دارد و صرفا به ساحت آگاهی و بینش عقلانی انسان برمی گردد و مبین تفسیر طبیعی (مادی) از انسان است و به ساحت فرابشری او توجه چندانی ندارد. اما نزد علامه که فیلسوفی الهی است، سلامت معنوی، مبتنی بر ساحت مابعدالطبیعی و معناخواهی انسان است؛ یعنی بر پذیرش اصل حقیقت مطلق (خدا) به عنوان معنای زندگی که ضمن اصلاح بینش و نگرش انسان، به ساحت گرایشی و رفتاری او هم جهت می دهد.
خلاصه ماشینی:
Spiritual health is the correction and elevation of the epistemological realm of the transcendental world and elucidation of the monotheistic system based on the absolute life, knowledge, power, wisdom and justice of the highest God. The result of such a perspective will be an internal feeling of security, calm, being familiar with one’s true identity, feeling satisfied with monotheistic life, life quality, and meaningfulness of the life and accepting calamities as the hidden wisdoms and growth factors.
As a result of the abstractness of God’s concept and his existence in Descartes’ perspective, the "spiritual health" that is based on the acceptance of the celestial world, rightfulness of God’s existence and super-humanistic factors, will not be that very meaningful.
Based on the above-mentioned principle, humans naturally need a creditable and influential guide so as to elevate their daily trend in the direction of evolution, based on realities and truth which is the genuineness of the glorious God. Regarding humans’ self-conscience, one of the clarifying constituents in psychological health, in Allameh’s perspective, is the mystical knowledge and understanding of the world.
In Allameh’s perspective, the most important ethical concepts and constituents which are causes of humans’ spiritual health and help them in treating diseases, facing defeats and getting freed from crises include: forgiveness, honesty and truthfulness, gratitude, patience in tolerating the life’s calamities, pure love without expecting compensation, self acceptance (love of self), faith in what is right and our fate, non-covetousness, prayer and praise, lack of fear and concern, hopefulness, self-refinement, self-respect, trust and resort, faith, knowledge of critical realms of life.