چکیده:
The present study aimed to compare the effectiveness of Cognitive-
Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and Eye Movement Desensitization and
Reprocessing (EMDR) in reducing PTSD symptoms severity among
Iranian children 20 months after the 2008 Qeshm earthquake. This study
follows an experimental design with randomized pre-test post-test to
control the internal and external validity of the study. In this study, 26
students from 7 to 12 years old who received PTSD diagnosis due to
earthquake based on the clinical interview were randomly assigned to
CBT, EMDR, and wait-list control groups. All the participants completed
UCLA-PTSD DSM-IV Index as pre-test and post-test. The respondents
in the treatment groups were also required to complete The Youth Client
Satisfaction Questionnaire (YCSQ). According to the results of
ANCOVA, after participating in 8-12 sessions of psychotherapy, the
participants of CBT and EMDR groups showed a significant reduction in
overall PTSD symptoms compared to the wait-list group between the pre
and the post-intervention. Although in comparison to EMDR, CBT was
more effective in reduction of PTSD symptoms, the difference was not
statistically significant. Post-treatment therapeutic outcomes were
maintained during six weeks follow-up; however, the effects of EMDR
were improved during this period. The results also showed no significant
difference between the respondents' satisfaction from CBT and EMDR.
Both CBT and EMDR appeared to be feasible and acceptable to PTSD
children survived from natural disasters.
خلاصه ماشینی:
Monavar Tashk ABSTRACT The present study aimed to compare the effectiveness of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) in reducing PTSD symptoms severity among Iranian children 20 months after the 2008 Qeshm earthquake.
According to the results of ANCOVA, after participating in 8-12 sessions of psychotherapy, the participants of CBT and EMDR groups showed a significant reduction in overall PTSD symptoms compared to the wait-list group between the pre and the post-intervention.
Several studies have shown that children may develop Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) after exposure to earthquake (Eksi, Braun, Ertem-Vehid, Peykerli , Saydam, , Toparlak, & Alyanak, 2007; Yassini & Hosseini, 2006.
Some researchers have reported that Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) has been the most studied treatment for childhood PTSD following a single incident trauma (Amaya-Jackson, Reynolds, Murray, Nelson, Cherney, Lee, Foa, March, 2003; Goenjian, Layne, Pynoos, Saltzman, Arslanagic, Black, Savajak, 2001; Salzman, Layne, Pynoos, Steinberg, Aisenberg, 2001).
It is hypothesized that the children who participated in CBT and EMDR groups show more reduction in PTSD symptoms severity compared to the wait-list control group between the pre-test and the post-test.
The children who participated in the CBT and EMDR treatment groups showed significantly more reduction in PTSD symptoms severity scores between the pre-test and the post-test compared to the wait-list group (see Table 3).
These results suggest that the first-line psychological treatment for PTSD should be trauma-focused CBT or EMDR (Bisson, Ehlers, Matthews, Pilling, Richards, Turner, 2007; Bisson & Andrew, 2007).