چکیده:
ﻫﺪف: ﻫﺪف ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ اﺛﺮﺑﺨﺸﻲ ﺧﺎﻃﺮهﮔﻮﻳﻲ، ﻣﻮﺳﻴﻘﻲ و اﻧﺠﺎمAim: The purpose of this study was to investigate theeffect of reminiscence, music therapy and performing ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖﻫﺎی دﻟﺨﻮاه، ﺑﺮ اﺣﺴﺎس ﺗﻨﻬﺎﻳﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻤﻨﺪان ﺑﻮد. روش: روشenjoyable tasks on loneliness in the elderly. Method: .ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺷﺒﻪ آزﻣﺎﻳﺸﻲ ﺑﺎ ﻃﺮح ﭘﻴﺶآزﻣﻮن و ﭘﺲآزﻣﻮن ﺑﺎ ﮔﺮوه ﮔﻮاه ﺑﻮدResearch method was quasi-experimental with pretest ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪای ﻣﺘﺸﻜﻞ از 87 ﻓﺮد ﺳﺎﻟﻤﻨﺪ )04 ﻣﺮد و 83 زن( در ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎنand posttest design with control group. Sampleconsists of 78 elderly individuals (40 men, 38 women) ﺳﻴﺮﺟﺎن ﺑﻪ ﺷﻴﻮة در دﺳﺘﺮس اﻧﺘﺨﺎب و ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﺑﺴﺘﻪﻫﺎی آﻣﻮزﺷﻲin the City of Sirjan in Southern Iran. Participants ﻣﻮﺳﻴﻘﻲدرﻣﺎﻧﻲ، ﺧﺎﻃﺮهﮔﻮﻳﻲ و اﻧﺠﺎم ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖﻫﺎی دﻟﺨﻮاه و آزﻣﻮنwere chosen based on availability. Research اﺣﺴﺎس ﺗﻨﻬﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﮔﺮوه ﮔﻮاه ﻣﺘﺸﻜﻞ از 01 ﻣﺮد و 01 زن ﺑﻮدinstruments consisted of the Loneliness Scale and theReminiscence, music therapy and performing و در ﻫﺮ ﮔﺮوه آزﻣﺎﻳﺶ 02 ﻧﻔﺮ، 01 زن و 01 ﻣﺮد ﺷﺮﻛﺖ داﺷﺘﻨﺪ )ﺑﻪenjoyable tasks packages. The control group consisted اﺳﺘﺜﻨﺎی ﮔﺮوه ﻣﻮﺳﻴﻘﻲ درﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﺧﺎﻧﻢ ﻫﺎ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ دﻟﻴﻞ اﻓﺖ ازﻣﻮدﻧﻲ 8 ﻧﻔﺮof 10 men and 10 women and each experimental .ﻋﻀﻮ داﺷﺖ(. ﺑﺮای ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ داده ﻫﺎ از روش ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ وارﻳﺎﻧﺲ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪgroup consisted of 20 elderly (10 men and 10 women) ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ: ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﻣﻮﺳﻴﻘﻲدرﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﺑﺮ اﺣﺴﺎس ﺗﻨﻬﺎﻳﻲ زﻧﺎن ﻧﺎﺷﻲ ازexcept the music therapy in which eight women and10 men participated. Results: Results indicated that ارﺗﺒﺎط ﺑﺎ دوﺳﺘﺎن و ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎی ﻋﺎﻃﻔﻲ ﺗﻨﻬﺎﻳﻲ، و ﺧﺎﻃﺮهﮔﻮﻳﻲ ﺑﺮ اﺣﺴﺎسmusic therapy reduce scores of loneliness in women ﺗﻨﻬﺎﻳﻲ ﻣﺮدان و زﻧﺎن ﻧﺎﺷﻲ از ارﺗﺒﺎط ﺑﺎ دوﺳﺘﺎن و ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎی ﻋﺎﻃﻔﻲwho did not have strong social relationships. ﺗﻨﻬﺎﻳﻲ، و اﻧﺠﺎم ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ دﻟﺨﻮاه در ﻣﺮدان ﺑﺮ اﺣﺴﺎس ﺗﻨﻬﺎﻳﻲ ﻧﺎﺷﻲ ازReminiscence decreased scores of loneliness of menand women (Affective and friendship loneliness). ارﺗﺒﺎط ﺑﺎ دوﺳﺘﺎن ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ ﮔﺬار اﺳﺖ و در زﻧﺎن اﺣﺴﺎس ﺗﻨﻬﺎﻳﻲ ﻧﺎﺷﻲ ازPerforming enjoyable tasks reduced men's loneliness ارﺗﺒﺎط ﺑﺎ ﺧﺎﻧﻮاده و ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎی ﻋﺎﻃﻔﻲ ﺗﻨﻬﺎﻳﻲ را ﻛﺎﻫﺶ داده اﺳﺖ. درscores. (Friendship loneliness). Performing enjoyable ﻣﺮدان ﺧﺎﻃﺮهﮔﻮﻳﻲ و در زﻧﺎن ﻣﻮﺳﻴﻘﻲدرﻣﺎﻧﻲ در ﻛﺎﻫﺶ اﺣﺴﺎس ﺗﻨﻬﺎﻳﻲtasks decreased loneliness scores in women who hadweak social relationships. The effect of reminiscence آن ﻫﻢ در ﺧﺮدهﻣﻘﻴﺎس اﺣﺴﺎس ﺗﻨﻬﺎﻳﻲ ﻧﺎﺷﻲ از ارﺗﺒﺎط ﺑﺎ دوﺳﺘﺎن ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮfor men and music therapy for women was more than ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮی ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ دو ﻣﺪاﺧﻠﺔ دﻳﮕﺮ داﺷﺘﻨﺪ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪﮔﻴﺮی: اﻳﻦ ﻣﺪاﺧﻼتother interventions. Conclusion: It may be argued را ﻣﻲﺗﻮان ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان راﻫﻜﺎرﻫﺎﻳﻲ در راﺳﺘﺎی ﻛﺎﻫﺶ اﺣﺴﺎس ﺗﻨﻬﺎﻳﻲthat the present interventions can be used in the ﺳﺎﻟﻤﻨﺪان ﻣﻄﺮح ﻛﺮد و ﺑﺮای رﻓﻊ اﺣﺴﺎس ﺗﻨﻬﺎﻳﻲ آنﻫﺎ را در دﺳﺘﻮر ﻛﺎرfamily as well as in nursing homes to increase mentalhealth and decrease feelings of depression and ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﺴﺮاﻫﺎی ﺳﺎﻟﻤﻨﺪ، ﺧﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎی ﺳﺎﻟﻤﻨﺪان و اﻓﺮادی ﻛﻪ در ﻣﻨﺰلloneliness. .ﺳﺎﻟﺨﻮرده ای دارﻧﺪ ﻗﺮار داد
خلاصه ماشینی:
"ﻓﺼﻠﻨﺎﻣﻪ روانﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﻛﺎرﺑﺮدی Journal of Applied Psychology Vol. 4, No. 3(15), Fall 2010, 55-68 55 -68 ،1389 ﺳﺎل4، ﺷﻤﺎره 3)51(، ﭘﺎﺋﻴﺰ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ ﻣﻮﺳﻴﻘﻲدرﻣﺎﻧﻲ، ﺧﺎﻃﺮهﮔﻮﻳﻲ و اﻧﺠﺎم ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖﻫﺎی دﻟﺨﻮاه ﺑﺮ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ اﺣﺴﺎس ﺗﻨﻬﺎﻳﻲ ﺳﺎﻟﻤﻨﺪان Effect of music therapy, reminiscence and performing enjoyable tasks on loneliness in the elderly F.
اﻳﻦ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﺑﻪ وﻳﮋه در زﻧﺎن ﺳﺎﻟﻤﻨﺪ اﻳﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺖ ﺑﻪ اﻳﻦ دﻟﻴﻞ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ زﻧﺎن در ﻣﺪت زﻣﺎن ﻛﻮﺗﺎﻫﻲ ﺑﺎ ﻫﻢ ﻫﻤﺎﻫﻨﮓ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ و ﻣﻘﺪﻣﺎت آﺷﻨﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ را ﻓﺮاﻫﻢ ﻛﺮدﻧﺪ و ﺣﺘﻲ از ﺟﻠﺴﺎت ﻣﻴﺎﻧﻲ، رواﺑﻂ آنﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺎﻋﺎﺗﻲ ﻏﻴﺮ از زﻣﺎن اﺟﺮای ﺟﻠﺴﺎت ﻣﺪاﺧﻠﻪای ﻛﺸﻴﺪه ﺷﺪ و اﻳﻦﻛﻪ زﻧﺎن ﺑﻴﺶ از ﻣﺮدان از ﻣﻮﻗﻌﻴﺖﻫﺎی اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ ﺑﺮای ﺑﺮونرﻳﺰی اﺣﺴﺎﺳﺎت ﻧﺎﺧﻮﺷﺎﻳﻨﺪ ﺧﻮد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻛﺮدﻧﺪ، ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ دﻟﻴﻞ ﺑﺮونرﻳﺰی ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺷﺪ ﺗﺎ اﺣﺴﺎس ﺑﻬﺘﺮی ﭘﻴﺪا ﻛﻨﻨﺪ و ﻫﻤﺪردی دﻳﮕﺮان ﺑﺎ آنﻫﺎ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ اﺣﺴﺎس ﺗﻨﻬﺎﻳﻲ ﺷﺎن ﺷﺪ.
در اﻳﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ در ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺔ ﻣﺪاﺧﻠﻪای اﻧﺠﺎم ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖﻫﺎی دﻟﺨﻮاه ﻧﻴﺰ، ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ اﺣﺴﺎس ﺗﻨﻬﺎﻳﻲ ﻧﺎﺷﻲ از ارﺗﺒﺎط ﺑﺎ دوﺳﺘﺎن در ﻣﺮدان و ﻛﺎﻫﺶ اﺣﺴﺎس ﺗﻨﻬﺎﻳﻲ ﻧﺎﺷﻲ از ارﺗﺒﺎط ﺑﺎ ﺧﺎﻧﻮاده و ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎی ﻋﺎﻃﻔﻲ ﺗﻨﻬﺎﻳﻲ زﻧﺎن ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ."