چکیده:
Aim: The purpose of current research was to ﻫﺪف: ﻫﺪف ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ راﺑﻄﺔ ﺣﺴﺎﺳﻴﺖ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪdetermine the relationship between sensitivity to ﭘﺎداش و ﺗﻨﺒﻴﻪ ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﺑﺎ اﻟﮕﻮی ﮔﺮی )7891( در ﻣﻮرد دو ﻧﻈﺎمpunishment/reward and identity styles on the basis ofGray's model (1987) of Behavioral Activation System ﻓﻌﺎلﺳﺎز و ﺑﺎزدارﻧﺪة رﻓﺘﺎری و اﻧﻮاع ﺳﺒﻚﻫﺎی ﻫﻮﻳﺖ در(BAS) and Behavioral Inhibition System (BIS) in داﻧﺸﺠﻮﻳﺎن ﺑﻮد. روش: روش ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ از ﻧﻮع ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﻲ و روشundergraduate students. Method: Method of study 82) ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﮔﻴﺮی ﺧﻮﺷﻪای ﭼﻨﺪﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ای ﺑﻮد ﻛﻪ 881 ﻧﻔﺮwas correlational and the sampling method wasmultiple-stage cluster sampling consisting of 188 (82 دﺧﺘﺮ و 601 ﭘﺴﺮ( داﻧﺸﺠﻮی دوره ﻛﺎرﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ از ﺳﻪ داﻧﺸﻜﺪةgirls and 106 boys) undergraduate students from three داﻧﺸﮕﺎه آزاد ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎن ﻛﺎزرون ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﮔﺮوه ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ اﻧﺘﺨﺎبcolleges of Kazeroon University in southern Iran. ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. اﺑﺰارﻫﺎی ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﺔ ﺣﺴﺎﺳﻴﺖ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﭘﺎداش وMeasures were Sensitivity to Reward and Sensitivity -ﺗﻨﺒﻴﻪ ﺗﺮوﺑﻴﺎ، آوﻳﻼ، ﻣﻮﻟﺘﻮ و ﻛﺎﺳﺮاس )1002( و ﻣﻘﻴﺎس ﺳﺒﻚto Punishment Questionnaire (SPSR, Torrubia, Avila,Molto & Caseras, 2001) and Identity Styles Inventory ﻫﺎی ﻫﻮﻳﺖ واﻳﺖ، واﻣﭙﻠﺮ و وﻳﻦ )8991( ﺑﻮد. رواﺑﻂ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮﻫﺎ(ISI-6G, White, Wampler & Winn, 1998). The ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﺿﺮﻳﺐ ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﻲ ﭘﻴﺮﺳﻮن و رﮔﺮﺳﻴﻮنcorrelations between variables were analyzed using ﺧﻄﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻴﻮة ﺳﻠﺴﻠﻪ ﻣﺮاﺗﺒﻲ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﺷﺪ. ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ: ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎPearson correlation coefficient and hierarchicalregression analysis. Results: Findings indicated that ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﺣﺴﺎﺳﻴﺖ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﭘﺎداش و ﺗﻨﺒﻴﻪ ﻣﻲﺗﻮاﻧﺪ 31 درﺻﺪsensitivity to reward and punishment could predict 13 وارﻳﺎﻧﺲ ﺳﺒﻚ ﻫﻮﻳﺖ اﻃﻼﻋﺎﺗﻲ و 11 درﺻﺪ وارﻳﺎﻧﺲ ﺳﺒﻚpercent of variance of the information identity style ،ﻫﻮﻳﺖ ﻫﻨﺠﺎری را ﺗﺒﻴﻴﻦ ﻛﻨﺪ. اﻳﻦ در ﺣﺎﻟﻲ ﺑﻮد ﻛﻪ ﺗﻨﻬﺎand 11 percent of variance of the normative identitystyle. However, sensitivity to punishment alone could ﺣﺴﺎﺳﻴﺖ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻨﺒﻴﻪ ﻗﺎدر ﺑﻪ ﭘﻴﺶﺑﻴﻨﻲ ﺳﺒﻚ ﻫﻮﻳﺖpredict 14 percent of variance of the diffuse-avoidant :ﺳﺮدرﮔﻢ-اﺟﺘﻨﺎﺑﻲ آن ﻫﻢ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻴﺰان 41 درﺻﺪ ﺑﻮد. ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪﮔﻴﺮیidentity style. Conclusion: On the basis of our results ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ اﻳﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ و ﭘﮋوﻫﺶﻫﺎی ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ازand other research findings, the use of sensitivity toreward is the most appropriate way for developing ﺣﺴﺎﺳﻴﺖ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﭘﺎداش ﺑﺮای ﺷﻜﻞدﻫﻲ ﻫﻮﻳﺖ، ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺗﺮﻳﻦidentity. Also, results show that the use of sensitivity روش ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﻲرﺳﺪ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ، اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﺣﺴﺎﺳﻴﺖ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪto punishment for developing identity not only has ﺗﻨﺒﻴﻪ ﺑﺮای ﺷﻜﻞدﻫﻲ ﻫﻮﻳﺖ ﻋﻼوه ﺑﺮ اﺛﺮات ﻣﺜﺒﺖ ﻣﻲﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﺑﻪpositive effects but may also result in negative effects .اﺛﺮات ﻣﻨﻔﻲ و اﻳﺠﺎد ﺳﺒﻚ ﻫﻮﻳﺘﻲ ﺳﺮدرﮔﻢ- اﺟﺘﻨﺎﺑﻲ ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺷﻮدand a diffuse-avoidant identity style.
خلاصه ماشینی:
"ﻓﺼﻠﻨﺎﻣﻪ روانﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﻛﺎرﺑﺮدی Journal of Applied Psychology Vol. 4, No. 3(15), Fall 2010, 81-95 81 -95 ،1389 ﺳﺎل4، ﺷﻤﺎره 3)51(، ﭘﺎﺋﻴﺰ ﭘﻴﺶﺑﻴﻨﻲ ﺳﺒﻚﻫﺎی ﻫﻮﻳﺖ ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﺣﺴﺎﺳﻴﺖ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﭘﺎداش و ﺗﻨﺒﻴﻪ Prediction of identity styles based on sensitivity to reward and punishment M.
Avila, Molto & Caseras 68 ﻓﺼﻠﻨﺎﻣﻪ روانﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﻛﺎرﺑﺮدی/ ﺳﺎل4/ ﺷﻤﺎره 3 )51(/ ﭘﺎﺋﻴﺰ 9831 ﭘﻴﺶﺑﻴﻨﻲ ﺳﺒﻚﻫﺎی ﻫﻮﻳﺖ ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﺣﺴﺎﺳﻴﺖ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﭘﺎداش و ﺗﻨﺒﻴﻪ 47/0 و ﺑﺮای ﺳﺆالﻫﺎی زوج )ﻛﻪ ﺣﺴﺎﺳﻴﺖ ﺑﻪ ﭘﺎداش را ﻣﻲﺳﻨﺠﻨﺪ( 07/0 اﺳﺖ.
Swanson, Spencer, Dell Angelo, Harpalani & Spencer 09 ﻓﺼﻠﻨﺎﻣﻪ روانﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﻛﺎرﺑﺮدی/ ﺳﺎل4/ ﺷﻤﺎره 3 )51(/ ﭘﺎﺋﻴﺰ 9831 ﭘﻴﺶﺑﻴﻨﻲ ﺳﺒﻚﻫﺎی ﻫﻮﻳﺖ ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﺣﺴﺎﺳﻴﺖ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﭘﺎداش و ﺗﻨﺒﻴﻪ ﻧﮕﺮ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ )ﺟﻮﻛﺎر، 5831(، ﺑﻲ ﺷﻚ ﭘﺎداشﻫﺎ و ﺗﻨﺒﻴﻪﻫﺎی ﻣﻮﺟﻮد در ﺑﺎﻓﺖ ﻣﺤﻴﻂ )ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﻴﺮوﻧﻲ( در ﺗﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﺎ ﺣﺴﺎﺳﻴﺖ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ آنﻫﺎ )ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻋﺎﻣﻞ دروﻧـﻲ( ﻣـﻲﺗﻮاﻧـﺪ در ﺷﻜﻞﮔﻴﺮی ﺳﺒﻚ ﻫﻮﻳﺖ ﻓﺮد ﻣﺆﺛﺮ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.
درﺳﺖ اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ در ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ راﺑﻄﺔ ﭘﺎداش و ﺗﻨﺒﻴﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺳـﺒﻚﻫـﺎی اﻃﻼﻋـﺎﺗﻲ ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﻗﺮار ﻧﮕﺮﻓﺖ، وﻟﻲ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ اﻳﻦ ﻧﻜﺘﻪ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻧﻤﻮد ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﻣﻌﻤـﻮل اﻓـﺮاد ﺣـﺴﺎس ﺑـﻪ ﭘﺎداش، ﭘﺎداشﻫﺎی اراﺋﻪ ﺷﺪه در ﻣﺤﻴﻂ را ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﻣﻮرد ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻗﺮار ﻣﻲدﻫﻨﺪ و ﺑﻪ ﺧـﺎﻃﺮ ﻧﻴﺮوﻣﻨـﺪی اﺛﺮ ﭘﺎداش ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻨﺒﻴﻪ، ﺣﺴﺎﺳﻴﺖ آنﻫﺎ ارﺗﺒﺎط ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮی ﺑﺎ ﺳﺒﻚﻫﺎی اﻃﻼﻋﺎﺗﻲ و ﻫﻨﺠﺎری ﻣﻮرد ﭘﺬﻳﺮش ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﭘﻴﺪا ﻣﻲﻛﻨﺪ.
Nguyen, Bertoni, Charvat, Gheytanchi & Beutler 29 ﻓﺼﻠﻨﺎﻣﻪ روانﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﻛﺎرﺑﺮدی/ ﺳﺎل4/ ﺷﻤﺎره 3 )51(/ ﭘﺎﺋﻴﺰ 9831 ﭘﻴﺶﺑﻴﻨﻲ ﺳﺒﻚﻫﺎی ﻫﻮﻳﺖ ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﺣﺴﺎﺳﻴﺖ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﭘﺎداش و ﺗﻨﺒﻴﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ اﻳﻦ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ ﻣﻲ ﺗﻮان اﻧﺘﻈﺎر داﺷﺖ ﻛﻪ اﻓﺮاد دارای ﺳﺒﻚﻫﺎی ﻫﻮﻳﺘﻲ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑـﻪ ﻣﺪاﺧﻠﻪﻫﺎی ﻣﺘﻔﺎوﺗﻲ ﭘﺎﺳﺦ دﻫﻨﺪ."