چکیده:
Importance of security and sense of peace is a one of the most important factors of urban environment. Therefore, the necessity of security in urban spaces has caused the emergence of authentic theories like Defensible Spaces and Crime Prevention through Environment Design (CPTED)*. In this paper, various literatures related to defensible space theories have been reviewed and the related keywords have been defined. Then, the role of defensible urban spaces as a social capital in the reduction of urban crimes is examined. Further, condition of defensible spaces in traditional Iranian cities has been studied with reference to the city of Isfahan. The research method is based on data and documents collected through field survey.The conclusion justifies the precedent of defensible space, in design and planning, as well as shaping historical cities. Safe and secure spaces which support social capital concept, under public surveillance and collective responsibility, works as an important aspect in reducing crimes hence; bringing about a state of stable urban security.
لزوم توجه به یکی از اصول مهم زیستی و حیاتی بشر» یعنی نیاز به امنیت و احساس آرامش در محیط
زندگی و اهمیت توجه به این نیاز - امنیت - در فضای شهری موجب شکل گیری مجموعه نظریات
مستندی چون نظریه فضاهای قابل دفاع پیشگیری از جرم از طریق طراحی محیطی و . .
گردید. این مقاله ابتدا با بیان مختصری از تئوریهای مطرح شده از سوی صاحب نظران این مبحث -
فضای قابل دفاع - تعاریف مربوط را از چا فیزیکی- اجتماعی بررسی می کند. سپس با
مرور روند شکل گیری شهرهای سنت ایران» یه برزسی رویکرد فضای قابل دفاع در شهرهای تاریخی
سرزمین کهن ایران میپردازد و ضیمن ان اشبارهائ مختصطر به نمونه کاربردی و مؤفق اثر ارزشمند
شهرسازی ایران در دوره صفوی» میدان نقش جهان اصفهان خواهد داشت.
روش تحقیق در این مقاله تحلیلی اسنادی:از.نوع توصیفی است که ضمن بهرهگیری از منابع؛
اسناد و مدارک مرتبط با تحقیق» از روش پرسشتامه به منظور سنجش شاخصهای امنیتی در بستر
شهرهای تاریخی ایران استفاده شلا است. نتایجءو یافئهاۍ سابقه وجود فضای قابل دفاع - در
طراحی و برنامه ریزی - را در شکل گیری شهرهای تاریخی ایران تأیید میکند. فضاھایی امسن که ہا
مسئولیت جمعی مراقبت می شده» و نقش بارزی در کاهش جرایم و ثبات امنیتی در شهرها داشته
استہ
خلاصه ماشینی:
The Role of Social Security Spaces of Traditional Iranian Cities in Urban Crimes Reduction: With Emphasis on CPTED* Approach F.
Therefore, the necessity of security in urban spaces has caused the emergence of authentic theories like Defensible Spaces and Crime Prevention through Environment Design (CPTED)*.
Safe and secure spaces which support social capital concept, under public surveillance and collective responsibility, works as an important aspect in reducing crimes hence; bringing about a state of stable urban security .
In this way, architects and social scientists like Oscar Newman, Jane Jacobs, Sally Merry and other experts have accomplished many studies which led to develop theories like Defensible Spaces, Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED).
A more precise study on historical texture of traditional cities shows the formation of city framework in order to creating public surveillance and preventing natural milieu that are basis of defensible space creation as well as principles of Newman and Jacobs.
These small plazas in Iran's traditional cities are a perfect example of diversity and mix uses, creating a kind of space in order to increase peoples' presence and enhancing social surveillance which can be comprehensive type for modern cities in order to create defensible spaces and promoting environmental security.
Isfahan's Naghsh-e-Jahan: Mix Land Use, Environmental Security, defensibility promotion A glance on the traditional Iranian cities shows that the presence of various activities was not just monotones but they always followed a combination of harmony and compatibility.