چکیده:
Fear of crime is a very prevalent issue today. It challenges the safety of cities. For this reason it has gained considerable attention among the sociologists and criminologists over the last 20 years. Whilst men experiencing relatively high rates of violence, they report their fear of crime less than women. In the contrary women have a much greater fear of crime than men, but are victimized less than men. This paper draws an original data collected from in depth interview with50 women aged 19 to 55 in Tehran. Narratives provided by women included in this study are used throughout the paper as means of drawing the attention to the point that fear is not something that happens out of the context but is situated in the social details of individuals’ circumstances and the life style. The authors of this paper organized their interview around a major theoretical and empirical divide in studies of fear of crime between approaches that see fear as a by-product of physical environment and those have emphasized on the social nature of fear. The result of research shows that the level of fear that a person holds depends on many factors including gender, age, past experience of being victimized, the location where one lives and so on. Based on the finding of this research women asserted that they are more fearful of crime than men. Whether in the marketplace, or the city, it is the fear of sexual violence and harassment from which underpins women high fear.
خلاصه ماشینی:
"Fear of crime, power relations, Social exclusion, victimization, violence in public space Introduction Various studies have shown that the probability of men’s crime rate is far higher than women, while women are afraid of crime three times more than men (Stanko, citied by Scott, 2003).
along with more exclusion inspiring from gender, lack of women’s social integration, and their understanding of gendered power relations that produce and reproduce constantly in contexts and spatial social relations, establishing different methods of attending of women in urban space to men.
The researchers did not follow any particular hypothesis due to the exploratory nature of the study, but they rather sought to reveal women’s experiences about fear of crime and social security in the urban areas based on their own narration.
The results of data analysis of the qualitative in-depth interviews indicated that factors like situations and spatial-social domains, crime experience, violence and sexual harassment, relations based on the gendered power and lack of social integration, social isolation, production and reproduction of fear in the community and etc.
The production and reproduction of fear in the community may be affected by the following items: 4-1 - Women's sociability and fear of crime Since the first year of the child’s age, it is tried to nurture boys and girls based on the determined behavioral patterns in the society and thus parents, trainers and educational institutions teach and ask children to behave based on these patterns.
Among other factors identified in this research which seems that they are effective in the formation of women's fear, are crime experience, unfamiliarity with urban spaces, divorced or widow, disability, motherhood experience and being a member of the minority group."